Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Monash Ultrasound > Embryology (Week 1 & 2) > Flashcards

Embryology (Week 1 & 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Neural folding is completed first at which region

A

Cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The kidneys will develop from which layer

A

The intermediate mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most common site for an extrauterine pregnancy

A

Attachment to the ampulla of the fallopian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The mesonephros are present during which weeks

A

4-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What day is associated with morula development

A

3-4 days , ~96 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What vitamin is associated with a reduction in Spina Bifida

A

Folic Acid - vitamin B9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Human chorionic gonadotrophin is secreted by what cell layer

A

Trophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the epithelial layer of the gastrointestinal tract originate

A

The endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The permanent kidney occurs is what stage

A

Metanephros

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What week does the embryonic period finish at

A

8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The somatic and splanchnic lateral mesoderm together line what

A

The intra-embryonic coelom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Protrusion of both nerve tissue and meninges is classed as what type of neural tube defect

A

Meningomyelocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The epididymis and ductus deferents develops from what duct

A

The mesonephric duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Somites develop in a caudo-cranial or cranio-caudal sequence

A

Cranio-caudal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The failure of formation of the septum transversum results in what pathology

A

Diaphragmatic hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What cellular layer does the axial skeleton derive from

A

The para-axial mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the name given to a birth defect of the abdominal wall where the intestines, liver and other organs protrude through the base of the umbilical cord

A

Omphalocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A horseshoe kidney remains in the pelvic region due to obstruction of which artery

A

The inferior mesenteric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What syndrome is associated with bilateral aplasie of the kidneys and oligohydramios

A

Pott’s Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Oligohydramnios occurs when there is a reduction in what

A

Amniotic fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Autosomal dominant poly cystic kidney disease is often associated with what symptoms

A

Hypertension and uremia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What pathology can develop from remnants of primitive streak

A

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Invagination of epiblast cells is associated with what major stage of embryonic development

A

Gastrulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the name given for the period of pregnancy beginning from the first day of the last menstrual period to the estimated date of delivery

A

Gestation

25
Q

How is the embryonic age of a fetus is calculated

A

Gestational age less 2 weeks

26
Q

How is the gestational age calculated

A

40 weeks from the first day of the last menstrual period to the estimated date of delivery

27
Q

During fertilisation, the sperm passes through what structure to penetrate the zona pellucida

A

Corona radiata

28
Q

Cleavage begins approximately how many hours after fertilisation in the fallopian tube

A

30 hours

29
Q

During cleavage, the zygote goes through rapid Lito tic divisions resulting in a rapid increase in cell numbers called what

A

Blastomeres

30
Q

A morula is made up of a collection of approximately 30 of what type of cells

A

Blastomeres

31
Q

Day 4 of fertilisation is categorised by the development of what

A

Blastocyst

32
Q

A blastocyst has 3 main cellular layers

A
  1. Zona pellucida - trophoblast layer
  2. Inner cell mass
  3. Blastocoel cavity
33
Q

Trophoblast cells of the embryonic pole multiply and form what

A

Synchtiotrophoblast layer

34
Q

What 2 groups of cells does the inner cell mass of a blastocyst divide into

A

Epiblast and hypo last

35
Q

Which cells does the abembryonic pole consist of

A

Cytotrophoblast cells

36
Q

What are the 2 cavities that form in a blastocyst

A

Amniotic cavity and blastocyst cavity

37
Q

Complete implantation of the embryo into the endometrium is covered by what

A

A fibrin plug

38
Q

What are the diagnostic test available for confirmation of an ectopic pregnancy

A

Pregnancy test + Ultrasound

39
Q

What is the name given to a linear band of thickened epiblast that first appears at the caudal end of the embryo and grow cranially

A

The primitive streak

40
Q

The bilaminar layer is made up of what cells

A

The epiblast and hypoblast

41
Q

What is the name given to the layer when the epiblast cells move inward to form the intraembryonic mesoderm

A

Trilaminar layer

42
Q

Gastrulation occurs with the establishment of the trilaminar embryonic disc and formation of what 3 primary germ cell layers

A

1.Ectoderm
2. Mesoderm
3. Endoderm

43
Q

By the middle of week 3 the intraembryonic mesoderm separates what 2 germ layers

A

Ectoderm and endoderm

44
Q

The intraembryonic mesoderm separates the ectoderm and endoderm everywhere except….

A

The oropharyngeal membrane cranially
And
The cloacal membrane caudally

45
Q

What is the process that see cells migrating cranially through the primitive node which defines the primitive axis of the embryo

A

Notochordal process

46
Q

What is the name given to a cellular rod-like structure that defines the longitudinal axis and gives some rigidity

A

Notochord

47
Q

The notochord degenerate as the bodies of the vertebrae form but small portion of it persists in what structure of the vertebral disc

A

Nucleus pulposus

48
Q

The embryonic ectoderm gives rise to what tissues

A

Epidermis, nervous system, the eye, inner ear, neural crest cells

49
Q

The embryonic mesoderm gives rise to what tissues

A

Skeletal muscles, connective tissue, dermis, visceral smooth muscle, dérida of linings of body cavities, ducts and organs of the reproductive and excretory system, heart & CVS

50
Q

The embryonic endoderm gives rise to what tissues

A

Epithelial linings of respiratory & digestive tracts including glandular cells of liver and pancreas

51
Q

What is the name given to the process of the neural tube formation

A

Neurulation

52
Q

What does the neural plate give rise to

A

CNS - brain, spinal cord and retina

53
Q

What day does the closure of the neural tube occur

A

25th day

54
Q

What signifies the formation of the neural tube

A

When closure of caudal neuropore occurs

55
Q

Name the types of neural tube defects

A

Spina bifida occulta
Spina bifida cystica: meningocoele and meningomyelocoele
Rachischisis

56
Q

High levels of what in the amniotic fluid can indicate spina bifida

A

Alpha-fetoprotein - AFP

57
Q

How many weeks can the vertebrae be visualised to aid in detection of spinal defects

A

12 weeks gestation

58
Q

Name a syndrome that is an example of the failure of neural crest cells to migrate

A

Di-George Syndrome

59
Q

Name the 3 layers of the mesoderm

A
  1. Paraxial mesoderm
  2. Intermediate mesoderm
  3. Lateral Plate which is subdivided into somatic (parietal) and splanchnic (visceral)

Monash Ultrasound (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions