Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anaesthesia > Emergencies > Flashcards

Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Is any anaesthetic procedure without risk?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What can reduce the likelihood of anaesthetic emergencies occurring?

A

Adequate pre-anaesthetic assessment, appropriate use of anaesthetic drugs and careful monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can cause anaesthetic emergencies?

A

Human error - fatigue, failure, personnel, inattentiveness, lack of familiarity
Equipment failure - vaporiser, misassemble, pop-off, valve, ET problems, empty O2 tank, CO2 absorber exhausted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Give examples of anaesthetic agents

A

ACP
Halothane
Xylazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give examples of patient variation factors

A 
Respiratory disease
Sighthounds
CVS disease
Neonatal patients 
Brachycephalic
Renal
Trauma
Obesity 
Caesarean sections
Geriatric 
Hepatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the principles of emergency care

A 
Alert VS
Stay calm 
Prioritise 
Be aware of emergency kit location 
keep emergency drug dosage sheets in crash box
DON'T PANIC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give examples of crash kit drugs

A 
Atropine
Adrenaline 
Lignocaine 
Diazepam 
Narcan 
Dopamine 
Doxapram 
Atipamezole
Sodium Bicarbonate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

state common problems occurred during anaesthetic

A

patient too light
Patient too deep
respiratory arrest
Cardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What could cause a patient to be too light?

A 
Vaporiser problems 
ET tube problems 
Breath holding 
Shallow respiration 
Inadequate O2 flow
Anaesthetic machine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What could cause a patient to be too deep?

A

vaporiser set too high

Presence of pre-exisiting problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the signs of a patient being too deep?

A 
Slow shallow respiration 
Pale/cyanotic mms
CRT >2s
Bradycardia with weak pulse
Absence of reflexes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do you do when the patient is too deep?

A

Turn down vaporiser
Initiate bagging - IPPV
Supportive Tx - IV fluids, heat, drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are signs of recovery?

A

Increased HR
Improved mm colour
Stronger pulse
Improved CRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe bagging a patient

A

IPPV
Requires intubation and O2 supply
Close/part close APL valve
Fill reservoir bag with O2
Gently squeeze bag until patient chest rises slightly
Repeat every 6secs until signs of recovery noted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why does respiratory arrest occur?

A
  • Anaesthetic overdose
  • Pre-existing respiratory disease
  • Lack of O2
  • Side effects of pre-meds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do you assess for induction apnoea?

A

Look at eye position and palpebral reflex

17
Q

Describe the signs of respiratory arrest

A

dyspnoea, cyanosis and abnormal HR, CRT, pulse and pupil dilation

18
Q

Give signs of cardiac arrest

A

no heartbeat can be ausculated, palpated or seen on ECG/ultrasound
No palpable arterial pulse
MMs grey or cyanotic, CRT prolonged
Pupils widely dilated with no PLR
Repiration absent except for Cheyne-stokes respiration

19
Q

What can cause cardiac arrest?

A

Underlying disease, overdose

20
Q

What do you do when a patient is undergoing cardiac arrest?

A

Notify VS/get help
Once cardiac arrest is established you must begin compressions ASAP
Deliver compressions at 100-120bpm in 2min cycle
Intubate patient, if not already
IPPV at 10bpm
If on own do 30:2, compressions:breaths
Check for pulse after 2min cycle

21
Q

What treatment is given for cardiac arrest?

A

Compressions until spontaneous return of pulse and breathing occurs
Drugs
Keep patient warm

22
Q

How should cardiac compressions be given?

A 
Animal lying on right side
Heal of hand at 5th intercostal space
Compress cheat by 1/3 - 1/2 width of chest
Small dogs/cats - use thumb and fingers
Rate: 100 compressions per min
23
Q

What equipment can be used in emergencies?

A

Defibrillator - used in cardiac arrest to stimulate heart and myocardial contractions
Self-inflating resuscitator bag - used in respiratory arrest to provide IPPV, may use mask or attach to ET tube
Urinary catheter - used to admin drugs via ET tubes
IV catheter - emergency access for drugs, fluids etc.

24
Q

What are the emergency golden rules?

A 
Stay calm, alert VS ASAP
Turn off vaporiser
Make sure you know how to deliver IPPV
Be familiar with cardiac compressions
Have a well stocked crash box to hand

Anaesthesia (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions