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YEAR 2 CSI > Emergency > Flashcards

Emergency Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

What approach is used in an emergency

A

ABCDE

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2
Q

What does ABCDE stand for

A

Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure

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3
Q

SBAR approach

A

Communication

Situation, background, assessment, recommend

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4
Q

RSVP approach

A

Communication

Eason, story, vital signs, plan

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5
Q

Airway

A

Is airway secure (safe and patent) or compromised
- able to talk
- use of accessory muscles
- ab movements
- breathing noises
- central cyanosis

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6
Q

Action for blocked airway

A

Airway opening manoeuvres
Suction
Advanced airway interventions
Then give high conc o2

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7
Q

Breathing

A

Obtain o2 sats and resp rate
Feel trachea for deviation
Check calves for dvt

Do they smoke

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8
Q

Action for breathing problems

A

Depends on cause (adrenaline, chest drainage, bronchodilators)

Arterial blood gas analysis

Sit up

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9
Q

Circulation

A

Hypovolemia primary cause if circulatory failure

  • CRT
  • ECG (12 lead)
  • BP, HR, heart sounds
  • evidence of bleeding
  • limb tempt
  • colour of colour of hands
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10
Q

Action of circulatory failure

A

Fluid challenge
Replace blood

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11
Q

Action for anaphylaxis

A

Adrenaline

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12
Q

Action for pneumothorax

A

Chest drainage

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13
Q

Action for opioid overdose

A

Naloxone

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14
Q

Action for airway disease

A

Bronchodilators

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15
Q

Disability

A

Level of consciousness and neurological functioning

Take temp
Measure glucose
Neurological status assessment (acvpu or gcs)
Pupil size (pearl)

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16
Q

Acvpu

A

Alert
Confused
Responding to voice
Responding to pain
Unresponsive

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17
Q

GCS

A

Eye movement 4

Vocal 5

Motor 6

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18
Q

Action for disability

A

Analgesia
Specific action for provlem

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19
Q

Exposure

A

Examine head to toe and front to back

Respect dignity, minimise heat loss

Take full clinical history ad review

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20
Q

Symptom sieve

A

Broad categories for explaining a condition

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21
Q

Symptoms sieve used for patient with altered mental state

A

Primary neurological
Infection
Cardiorespiratory
GI
Metabolic/ endocrine
Toxins
Psychiatry

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22
Q

Normal RR

A

12-20

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23
Q

Normal o2

A

95+
(92-98)

Aim for 98 unless COPD pt aim for 94

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24
Q

Normal bp

A

120/80

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25
Normal hr
60-100
26
Arterial blood gas gives info about
Co2
27
PEARL
pupils equal and responding to oight
28
Capillary refill shows
Peripheral tissue perfusion
29
Capillary refill time should be
Less than 2 seconds
30
Normal glucose
5-6
31
Action for low bp
Iv fluid
32
4 types of circulatory shock
Hypovolemic Obstructive Distributive Cardiogenic
33
Hypovolemic shock
Loss of blood flow
34
Obstructive shock
Physical obstruction to blood flow
35
Cardiogenic shock
Ventricular failure
36
Distributive shock
Vasodilation
37
Sinus tachycardia
Consistent
38
Causes of Hypovolemic shock
Blood loss Internal bleeding (distended abdomen) Dehydration (d&v) Burns
39
Causes of Cardiogenic shock
Myocardial infarction Spasm Cardiac rupture Cardiomyopathy
40
Causes of obstructive shock
Pericardial tamponade Tension pneumothorax Pulmonary embolism
41
Causes of distributive shock
Anaphylaxis Sepsis
42
Signs of sepsis
Fever Hypotension Inc heart rate Flushed Tissue hypoperfusion Altered mental state
43
Sepsis diagnosis
4 stages, if suspected do sepsis 6
44
Stage 1 sepsis diagnosis
SIRS - at least 1 of Temp >38 <36 HR >90 RR >20 (Tachypnoea) WBC >12 <4
45
Stage 2 sepsis diagnosis
Evidence of infection (blood culture)
46
Stage 3 sepsis diagnosis
Severe sepsis Sepsis with evidence of organ dysfunction, hypotension or hypoperfusion (Lactate or urine output)
47
Stage 4 sepsis diagnosis
Septic shock Severe sepsis with hypotension despite adequate fluid resuscitation
48
Sepsis 6
Give o2 Take blood cultures Give iv antibiotic Give fluid challenge Take lactate Take urine output
49
Fluid challenge
Give 250-500ml crystalline solution acccutely within 15 mins see if bp comes back up
50
CRP produced by
Liver Sign of inflammation
51
Lactate sign of
Hypoperfusion Vasodilation causes hypoperfusion not enough o2 to tissues so undergo anaerobic resp
52
Neutrophillia sign of
Bacterial infection
53
GGT test
Liver condition
54
Pain in left iliac fossa likely due to
Sigmoid colon In women, extreme torsion, infection of reproductive system
55
Diverticulae
Singular outpouching due to inner most layer of digestive tract pushing through weak spots in outermost layer
56
Diverticulosis
Severreal diverticuli
57
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of diverticuli due to faeces
58
Sepsis from diverticuli
Infection in diverticuli bursts and bacteria enters the bloodstream
59
Symptoms of diverticulosis
Bloating Abdominal cramps Constipation No obvious symptoms usually only diagnosed due to something else
60
9 abdominopelvic regions
L and r hypochondriac, epigastric L and r lumbar, umbilical L and r iliac, hypogastric (pubic)
61
Left hypochondriac
Left kidney Pancreas Parts of colon Part of spleen Part of stomach
62
Epigastric
Majority of stomach Parts of liver and pancreas Part of duodenum Part of spleen Adrenal glands
63
Right hypochondriac
R portion of liver Gallbladder Right kidney Parts of small intestine
64
Left lumbar
Descending colon Left kidney Part of spleen
65
Umbilical
Umbilicus Part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum Transverse colon Bottom portions of the kidneys
66
Right lumbar
Gallbladder Right kidney Part of the spleen
67
Right lumbar
Gallbladder Right kidney Part of the spleen
68
Left iliac
Part of descending colon Sigmoid colon Left iliac fossa
69
Hypogastric
Bladder Parts of sigmoid colon Snus Uterus Ovaries Prostate
70
Right iliac
Appendix Caecum Right iliac fossa
71
Airway obstruction can lead to
Hypoxia
72
GCS less than 8
Intubate
73
Pain in right upper quadrant
Infection or inflammation of gallbladder and liver Or peptic ulcers in stomach
74
Pain in left upper quadrant
Malrotation of intestine and colon
75
Right lower quadrant pain
Appendicitis
76
Left lower quadrant pain
Colitis (inflammation of large intestine) Pelvic inflammatory disease and ovarian cysts
77
Where in the gut to diverticula most commonly form
Large colon to rectum

YEAR 2 CSI (2 decks)

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