Emergency drug doses Flashcards Preview

Year 3 - Pharmacology > Emergency drug doses > Flashcards

Flashcards in Emergency drug doses Deck (19)
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1
Q

Naloxone for opioid OD

A

IV (SC or IM if not possible): initially 400 ug, then up to 800 ug for up to 2 doses at 1 min interval if no response, then increase to 2 mg for 1 dose if still no response.

Further doses may be required if resp. function deteriorates.

2
Q

Morphine for acute pain

A

PO, SC or IM: 10 mg every 4 hrs (5 mg in elderly)

Slow IV injection: 5 mg every 4 hrs

3
Q

Morphine for MI or acute pulmonary oedema

A

Slow IV injection: 5-10 mg (at 1-2 mg/min, 1/2 dose in elderly)

4
Q

Salbutamol for acute asthma

A

O2-driven nebuliser: 5 mg every 20-30 mins or as required

5
Q

Ipratropium for acute severe asthma

A

Nebulised: 500 ug every 4-6 hrs as required

6
Q

Hydrocortisone for acute asthma, adrenocortical insufficiency or anaphylaxis

A

asthma: IV injection: 100 mg every 6 hrs
adrenal crisis: IV/IM: 100-500 mg 3-4x/day
anaphylaxis: IV injection: 100-300 mg

7
Q

Chlorphenamine for anaphylaxis

A

IM/IV: 10 mg (max. 4 doses/day)

8
Q

Adrenaline for anaphylaxis

A

IM: 0.5 mg (repeat as required)

9
Q

Adrenaline for CPR

A

IV: 1 mg every 3-5 mins as required (1:10,000 solution)

10
Q

Atropine for bradycardia after beta-blocker OD

A

IV: 3 mg

11
Q

Atropine for bradycardia after MI

A

IV injection: 500 ug every 3-5 mins (max. 3 mg per course)

12
Q

Aspirin for ACS

A

PO: 300 mg

13
Q

Clopidogrel for PCI after NSTEMI/STEMI

A

PO: initially 300 mg, then 75 mg for at least 4 weeks

14
Q

Calcium gluconate for severe hyperkalaemia

A

slow IV injection: 10-20 mL 10% calcium gluconate

15
Q

Calcium gluconate for severe acute hypocalcaemia

A

slow IV injection (over 10 min): 10 ml 10% calcium gluconate in 50 ml 5% dextrose

(repeat until asymptomatic max 4x)

16
Q

Insulin/dextrose infusion for severe hyperkalaemia

A

slow IV injection (over 15 mins): 10 units Actrapid in 50 ml 50% dextrose

17
Q

Diazepam for status epilepticus, febrile convuslions or severe acute anxiety

A

IV injection (over 2 mins): 10 mg

Repeat after 10 mins if required.

18
Q

Lorazepam for status epilepticus, febrile convulsions or convulsions caused by poisoning

A

slow IV injection: 4 mg, repeat after 10 mins if required

19
Q

Glucose for hypoglycaemic emergency

A

10-20 g glucose in many forms (e.g. glucogel, 5x glucose tablets, 100-200 ml cola or other drink, 4-5 sugar lumps or teaspoons)

IM: 1 mg glucagon - if no response within 10 mins, IV glucose given via infusion at 20%