Emergency Medications Flashcards

Question

# Adult and pediatric dosages. Calcium Gluconate

Answer 1

**_Adult:_** 500mg - 1000mg **_Pediatric:_** 60-100mg/kg/5-10min

Answer 2

**Decreases airway inflammation** by suppressing acute inflammation. ## Footnote Corticosteroid

Answer 3

**_Indications:_** * Anaphylaxis * Asthma/COPD * Croup * Spinal cord injury **_Relative Contraindications:_** Sepsis

Answer 4

**_Adult:_** 10-100mg **_Pediatric:_** 0.25 - 1.0mg/kg MAX 16mg

Answer 5

**CNS depressant** and anticonvulsant/sedative. ## Footnote Benzodiazepine

Answer 6

**_Indications:_** * Seizures * Anxiety * Cocaine OD **_Relative Contraindications:_** * Decreased respiratory function * Head injury

Answer 7

**_Adult:_** 5 - 10mg **_Pediatric:_** 0.2 - 0.5 mg/kg

Answer 8

Calcium channel blocker ## Footnote Blocks calcium influx during depolarization.

Answer 9

**_Indications:_** Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter **_Contraindications:_** * Hypotension * Cardiogenic shock

Answer 10

**_Adult_**: * First Bolus - 0.25mg/kg MAX 20mg * Second Bolus - 0.35mg/kg MAX 25mg * Infusion: 5-15mg/hr **_Pediatric_**: N/A

Answer 11

**Increases** myocardial contractility, stroke volume and cardiac output

Answer 12

**_Indications:_** Cardiogenic shock, CHF **_Contraindications:_** * Tachydysrhythmias * Severe hypotension *(initially causes hypotension)*

Answer 13

**_Adult & Pediatric_**_:_ 2-20mcg/kg/min

Answer 14

**Increases** inotropic and chronotropic effects.

Answer 15

**_Indications:_** * Cardiogenic shock * Septic shock * Distributive shock * Bradycardia **_Contraindications:_** * Hypovolemic shock * V-Fib

Answer 16

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Answer 17

**_Adult & Pediatric_**: 2-20mcg/kg/min

Answer 18

* Alpha 1 agonist * Beta 1 agonist * Beta 2 agonist

Answer 19

**_Indications:_** * Asystole * PEA * V-fib * Pulseless V-tach * Bradycardia **_Contraindications:_** * Hypertension * Hypothermia * Pulmonary edema

Answer 20

**_Adult_**: * Asystole/PEA/Pulseless V-Tach/V-Fib: 1mg IV/IO * Bradycardia/Hypotension: 2-10mcg/min * Anaphylaxis: 0.3 - 0.5mg IM **_Pediatric_**: * Asystole/PEA/Pulseless V-tach/V-Fib: 0.01mg/kg IV/IO * Bradycardia: 0.01mg/kg IV/IO * Infusion: 0.1 - 1mcg/min

Answer 21

**Inhibits absorption of chloride and sodium** at proximal and distal tubules and loop of Henle. ## Footnote Causes increased urine output.

Answer 22

**_Indications:_** * CHF * Pulmonary edema * Hypertensive crisis **_Contraindications:_** * Hypovolemia * Hypotension * Electrolyte imbalances

Answer 23

**_Adult_**: 0.5 - 1mg/kg; no response, double the dose **_Pediatric_**: 1mg/kg

Answer 24

Alpha and beta antagonist ## Footnote Decreases blood pressure

Answer 25

**_Indication:_** Severe hypertension **_Contraindications:_** * Asthma * CHF * Shock * Bradycardia

Answer 26

**_Adult_**: * 10mg IV; Repeat or double Q10min * Infusion: 2-8mg/min **_Pediatric_**: N/A

Answer 27

Sodium channel blocker ## Footnote Decreases automaticity

Answer 28

**_Indication:_** * V-Tach * V-Fib **_Contraindication:_** * High degree heart block * Bradycardia with wide complexes

Answer 29

**_Adult_**: * Pulseless V-tach/V-Fib: 1-1.5mg/kg; Repeat .5-.75mg MAX 3mg/kg * Stable V-Tach: 1-1.5mg/kg; Repeat .5-.75mg/kg Q5-10min MAX 3mg/kg * Infusion: 1-4mg/min **_Pediatric_**: * Pulseless V-tach/V-Fib: 1mg/kg MAX 100mg * Infusion: 20-50mcg/kg/min

Answer 30

Decreases HR, conduction, contractility, and cardiac output. ## Footnote Selective Beta-1 agonist

Answer 31

**_Indications:_** * PSVT * A-Flutter * A-Fib *Reduces oxygen demand in STEMI patients.* **_Contraindications:_** * Heart failure * High degree heart block * Bradycardia

Answer 32

**_Adult_**: * STEMI: 2-4mg * NSTEMI/Unstable Angina: 1-5mg **_Pediatric_**: 0.1 - 0.2mg/kg MAX 5mg

Answer 33

* Dilates peripheral arteries. * Decreases preload and afterload. * Vasodilator

Answer 34

**_Indications:_** * Acute Angina * NSTEMI * STEMI * CHF * Pulmonary Edema * Hypertension **_Contraindications:_** * Hypotension * Head Injury * Bradycardia * RV Infarction (relative)

Answer 35

**_Adult_**: * Tablet: 0.4mg * Spray: 1-2 Sprays MAX 3 * Infusion: 10mcg/min; Increase by 10mcg/min Q 3-5 MAX 200mcg/min **_Pediatric_**: N/A

Answer 36

**Adult**: ½'' to ¾'' (15-30mcg); cover with wrap and secure MAX 5'' (75mg) **Pediatric**: N/A

Answer 37

Vasopressor; **Alpha and Beta agonist** causing peripheral vasoconstriction ## Footnote Positive inotropic effect and dilates coronary arteries.

Answer 38

**_Indications:_** * Cardiogenic shock * Significant Hypotension **_Contraindications:_** Pregnancy (relative)

Answer 39

**_Adult_**: 0.1 - 0.5mcg/kg/min **_Pediatric_**: 0.1 - 0.2mcg/kg/min

Answer 40

H1 histamine antagonist ## Footnote Decreases inflammatory response.

Answer 41

**_Indications:_** * Allergic reaction * Anaphylaxis **_Contraindications:_** * Asthma (relative) * Hypertension (relative)

Answer 42

**_Adult_**: 25 - 50mg **_Pediatric_**: 1 - 2mg/kg

Answer 43

**Beta-2 agonist** for receptors in lungs and **relaxes bronchial smooth muscle**.

Answer 44

**_Indications:_** * Croup * Laryngeal edema **_Contraindications:_** Epiglottitis

Answer 45

**_Adult_**: 5ml in 5ml NS **_Pediatric_**: * 0.25ml in 2.5ml NS (\<20kg) * 0.5ml in 2.5ml NS (20-40kg) * 0.75ml in 2.5ml NS (\>40kg)

Answer 46

Corticosteroid that **decreases airway inflammation**.

Answer 47

**_Indications:_** * Anaphylaxis * Asthma * COPD **_Contraindications:_** Systemic fungal infections

Answer 48

**_Adult_**: 125mg **_Pediatric_**: 1 - 2mg/kg

Answer 49

**Antagonizes acetylcholine** at synaptic cleft. ## Footnote Non-depolarizing paralytic.

Answer 50

Rapid Sequence Intubation | RSI

Answer 51

**_Adult_**: 0.6 - 1.2mg/kg **_Pediatric_**: 0.6 - 1.2mg/kg ## Footnote *Typical is 1mg/kg*

Answer 52

**Bind with acetylcholine** at synaptic cleft and creates fasciculations. ## Footnote Depolarizing paralyti

Answer 53

Rapid Sequence Intubation | RSI

Answer 54

**_Adult & Pediatric:_** 1.5mg/kg **_Infant:_** 2mg/kg

Answer 55

Beta 2 agonist ## Footnote Relaxes smooth muscle of the bronchioles.

Answer 56

**_Indications:_** * Asthma * COPD **_Contraindications:_** Tachydysrhythmias

Answer 57

**_Adult_**: 0.25mg SC **_Pediatric_**: N/A \<12 years old

Answer 58

**Competes with acetylcholine** at the synaptic cleft. ## Footnote Non-depolarizing paralytic

Answer 59

Rapid Sequence Intubation | RSI

Answer 60

**_Adult_**: 0.1mg/kg **_Pediatric_**: 0.1mg/kg

Answer 61

**Induction agent**; hypnotic.

Answer 62

**_Indications:_** Induction for RSI **_Contraindications:_** Adrenal compromised patient's

Answer 63

**_Adult and Pediatric:_** 0.2 - 0.4mg/kg ## Footnote 0.3mg/kg typical dose.

Answer 64

analgesic/opiate

Answer 65

**_Indications:_** Pain management **_Contraindications:_** Head injury (relative - use caution)

Answer 66

**_Adult and Pediatric:_** 1 - 2mcg/kg

Answer 67

**Produces glycogenolysis within the liver** to access the glycogen stores to be used as energy.

Answer 68

**_Indications:_** * Hypoglycemia * Beta blocker OD * Ca channel blocker OD **_Contraindications:_** Hyperglycemia ## Footnote Be cautious in patients with liver failure as the drug may not be efficient.

Answer 69

**_Adult:_** 0.5 - 1mg IM **_Pediatric:_** 0.03 - 0.1mg/kg IM

Answer 70

**Antipsychotic** that is a CNS depressant.

Answer 71

**_Indications:_** Psychotic episodes **_Contraindications:_** * AMS * Shock * Hypoxia

Answer 72

**Anticoagulant** that prevents fibrogen to turn into fibrin.

Answer 73

**_Indication:_** * STEMI * Pulmonary embolism * DVT **_Contraindications:_** * Bleeding * Recent surgery * Severe hypertension

Answer 74

**_Adult:_** * Bolus 60IU/kg * Infusion 12IU/kg/hr **_Pediatric:_** N/A

Answer 75

Allows the transport of glucose into the cells.

Answer 76

**_Indications:_** * DKA * Hyperkalemia **_Contraindications:_** * Hypoglycemia * Hypokalemia

Answer 77

**_Adult:_** * Bolus 10-25IU SC, IM, IV * Infusion 0.1 IU/kg/hr **_Pediatric:_** 0.1 - 0.2 IU/kg/hr

Answer 78

**Anticholinergic** that produces bronchodilation and decreases mucus production.

Answer 79

**_Indications:_** * COPD * Asthma **_Contraindications:_** Allergic

Answer 80

**_Adult and Pediatric:_** 250 - 500mcg Neb

Answer 81

**NSAID** that causes analgesia.

Answer 82

**_Indications:_** Minor to moderate pain **_Contraindications:_** * Asthma * Bleeding disorders * Renal/liver failure

Answer 83

**_Adult:_** 30 - 60mg IM **_Pediatric:_** N/A

Answer 84

**Benzodiazepine** that is a CNS depressant.

Answer 85

**_Indications:_** * Seizures * Anxiety **_Contraindications:_** Shock (relative)

Answer 86

**_Adult:_** 2 - 4mg IM/IV **_Pediatric:_** 0.05 - 0.20 mg/kg IM/IV ## Footnote *Typically 0.1mg/kg*

Answer 87

Smooth muscle relaxer.

Answer 88

**_Indications:_** * Eclampsia * Pre-term labor * Torsades de pointes * Severe asthma/COPD **_Contraindications:_** Myocardial insufficiency

Answer 89

**_Adult:_** * Eclampsia: Bolus 2 - 4G; Infusion 2G/30min * Torsades: 1 - 2G/5-20min **_Pediatric:_** * Torsades: 25 - 50mg/kg bolus MAX 2G * Status Asthmaticus: 25 - 50mg/kg/15-30min MAX 2G

Answer 90

**Diuretic** that _decreases_ fluid within the intracellular space and _increases_ within the extracellular space.

Answer 91

**_Indications:_** * Head Injury (herniation) * Cerebral edema * Blood transfusion reactions **_Contraindications:_** * Hypotension * Pulmonary edema * CHF

Answer 92

**_Adult:_** 0.5 - 1G/kg/10min **_Pediatric:_** 0.5 - 1G/kg/30-60min

Answer 93

**Corticosteroid** that decreases airway inflammation.

Answer 94

**_Indications:_** * Anaphylaxis * Asthma * COPD **_Contraindications:_** Systemic Fungal Infections

Answer 95

**Benzodiazepine** that causes CNS depression.

Answer 96

**_Indications:_** * Seizure * Sedation **_Contraindications:_** Shock

Answer 97

**_Adult:_** 2 - 2.5mg **_Pediatric:_** 0.1 - 0.3mg/kg ## Footnote *Typically 0.1mg/kg*

Answer 98

Opioid that causes **analgesia**.

Answer 99

**_Indications:_** * Pain management * CHF * STEMI **_Contraindications:_** * Hypotension * Decreased respiratory drive

Answer 100

**_Adult:_** 2 - 4mg **_Pediatric:_** 0.1 - 0.2mg/kg

Answer 101

**Binds to narcotic receptor sites** inhibiting the effects of opioids.

Answer 102

**_Indications:_** Opiate OD **_Relative Contraindications:_** Caution in narcotic dependent patients ## Footnote Potentially may cause seizures.

Answer 103

**_Adult:_** 0.4 - 2mg **_Pediatric:_** 0.1mg/kg

Answer 104

**Serotonin antagonist**, which naturally causes nausea/vomiting.

Answer 105

**_Indications:_** Nausea/vomiting **_Contraindications:_** Long QT interval

Answer 106

**_Adult:_** 4mg **_Pediatric:_** 0.1mg/kg

Answer 107

**Glucose distribution** through the GI tract and buccal vasculature.

Answer 108

**_Indications:_** Hypoglycemia **_Contraindications:_** AMS unconscious

Answer 109

**_Adult:_** 15G PO **_Pediatric:_** 5-15G PO

Answer 110

Increases contractions within the uterus.

Answer 111

**_Indications:_** Postpartum hemorrhage **_Contraindications:_** N/A

Answer 112

**_Adult:_** 10IU IM; Infusion: 20-40mIU/min **_Pediatric:_** N/A

Answer 113

general anesthesia

Answer 114

**_Indications:_** * Anesthesia * Induction * Sedation **_Contraindications:_** * Hypovolemia * Allergic to eggs, soy, and peanuts

Answer 115

**_Adult:_** Bolus: 1.5 - 3mg/kg; Infusion: 25-75mcg/kg/min **_Pediatric:_** Bolus: 2.5 - 3.5mg/kg; Infusion: 125-300mcg/kg/min

Answer 116

Hydrogen ion buffer.

Answer 117

**_Indications:_** * Metabolic acidosis * Tricyclic antidepressant OD * Hyperkalemia * Prolonged crush injuries **_Contraindications:_** Respiratory/metabolic alkalosis

Answer 118

**_Adult:_** 1mEq/kg **_Pediatric:_** 1mEq/kg

Answer 119

**Vitamin B**, essential for energy metabolism.

Answer 120

**_Indications:_** * Delirium Tremens * Wernicke encephalopathy **_Contraindications:_** N/A

Answer 121

**_Adult:_** 100mg **_Pediatric:_** 10 - 25mg

Answer 122

**Vasoconstrictor** that utilizes ADH for fluid retention.

Answer 123

**_Indications:_** Second or third choice of vasopressor **Contraindications:** N/A

Answer 124

**_Adult:_** * Bolus: 40 IU * Infusion: 0.02 - 0.04 IU/min **_Pediatric:_** Bolus: 0.4 - 1 IU/kg

Emergency Medications Flashcards

Practice the Mechanism of Action, Indications and Dosages of prehospital medications (148 cards)