Emergency Medicine Flashcards
What drugs cause anticholinergic syndrome?
antihistamines, TCA, benztropine
What PLANTS cause anticholinergic syndrome?
Adam and Eve- angels eating an apple
plants: datura (thorn apple) or brugmansia (angel trumpet)
Adam and Eve- angels eating an apple
What are the 6 features of anticholinergic syndrome?
THINK DRY AND TACHY
Red as a beet for cutaneous vasodilation
Dry as a bone for anhidrosis
Hot as a hare for hyperthermia
Blind as a bat for nonreactive mydriasis (dilated pupils)
Mad as a hatter for hallucinations and delirium and finally
Full as a flask for urinary retention
What is the antidote for anticholinergic syndrome?
Antidote: physostigmine
Supportive: benzodiazepine
What meds cause a cholinergic crisis?
acetylcholine, pilocarpine, Organophosphates/ pesticides
What are the 8 signs of cholinergic syndrome?
Think secretions!!
DUMBBELS
Diarrhoea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchorrea, bradycardia (this is what kills you/ killer ‘B’)
Emesis
Lacrimation
Salivation
What is the treatment for cholinergic syndrome?
Remember, cause MIOSIS so treatment is ATROPINE to DILATE pupils. Also does other things.
What are examples of sympathometics?
‘Party drugs’: - Cocaine, (met) Amphetamines, Ecstasy/ MDMA
What are the symptoms of sympathetic syndrome?
HTN, tachycardia
Dilated pupils
Agitations, sweating
Hyperthermia: urgent attention
What is the treatment for sympathometic syndrome?
benzodiazepine and IV hydration
What can cause serotonin syndrome?
Tramadol, SSRI, SNRI, anti-emetic, MAOI
What are the signs/symptoms of serotonin syndrome?
Shivering
Hyperreflexia and myoclonus
Increased temperature
Vital sign instability
Encephalopathy
Restless
Sweating
What is the treatment for serotonin syndrome?
Benzodiaziepine. NOTE IF ACUTE DYSTONIC REACTION, then benztropine
What are the common drugs that can cause hypoventilation?
Narcotics or clonidine
Nacrotic will have tachycardia, clonidine will have brady
What drugs can cause hyPOglycemia (and name antidote)
Insulin and sulfonulurea. Treat with Octreotide. THINK CONGENITAL HYPOINSULINISM
Also beta blockers have the potential for this, use glucagon in poisoning