induce vominting useful within 1-2 hour disad 1. delay antidote use 2. not to be given to child

Emergency Medicine Flashcards by Simrat Batth

CRP given at a rate of

100compressions/min
after 30 compressions ..2 ventilations
5 cm depth

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is transcutaneous pacing used for asystole

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is atropine recommended for asystole?

no,epinephrine is used

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diff bw difibrillation and cardioversion

nonsynchronised(shock given at any phase)

synchronised(at QRScomplex)..if at T wave:VF

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hypothermia protocol

done post resusitationto reduce neurologic injury

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narrow complex tachycardia is always atrial in origin(QRS complex<0.12 sec)

true

but wide complex can be atrial or ventricular in origin

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miosis seen in

clonidine
barbiturates
opiates
cholinergics
pontinr stroke

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mydriasis seen in

antichol

sympathomimmetics

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dry skin

antichol

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wet skin

cholinergics
sympathomimmetics
diff via pupil

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blisters

barbiturates

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ipecac

induce vominting
useful within 1-2 hour

disad

delay antidote use
not to be given to child

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lavage useful within

first hr of ingestion

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forced diuresis is helpful in

alkaline diuresis hepls in eliminating

salicylates and phenobarbital

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any toxin related seizure should be treated with

BZD only

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whole bowel irrigation done with

ethylene glycol

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charcoal used when

patient arrives >1-2 hrs after ingestion

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charcoal doesnt bind to

PHAILS
pesticide
heavy metals
acid.alklai.alcohol
lithium
solvents

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substances requiring hemodialysis

I STUMBLE

isopropanol
salicylates
uremia
methanol
barbiturates
lithium
ethylene glycol

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best initial test for toxicology screen

urine immunoassay

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confirmatory test for tocicology screen

gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

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NAC has to be given within

8 hrs:most efficacous

if late ..still give

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tt of acetaminophen toxicity

do not do gastric emptying

charcoal

NAC

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time and dose both are req to dtermine toxicity

yes

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toxic dose of acetaminophen

toxic :7-10 gm lethal :12-15 gm alcoholics and liver ds :4gm/day

osmolar gap

gap=measured- calculated normal=0-10 cal=2(Na)+ BUN/2.8 + glucose/18 + etOH/5

causes of osmolar gap

``` isopropyl methanol ethylene glycol glycerol mannitol ```

metabolic acodoisis with anion gap shown by which alcohols

all MA | only meth and isopropyl show anoin gap

which vitamin given in methanol toxicity

folate

which vitamin given in ethylene glycol toxicity

thiamine | pyridoxine

route of methanol toxicity

ingestion inhalation skin

CO poisoning cam be confused with

hypoglycemia | flu during winter time

pO2 in CO poisoning

normal because it is the pressure as gas form not bound to Hb

what does routine pulse oximetry show in CO poisoning?

normal so CO pulse oximetry should be used(initial diagnostic test)

can naloxone be given in opiate toxicity

yes withdrawal is uncomfortable but not fatal

why the use of flumenezil is controversial in BDZ toxicitu

1. in chronic users may ppt withdrawal and seizures. | 2. if used for medical condition may exaberate condition

hallucinogen intoxication tt

BZD

hallucinogens

``` marijuana mescaline LSD peyote psilocyben phencyclidine(PCP/angel dust) ```

diagnosis of lead poisoning

blood lead levels <10 ug /dL acceptable

microcytic anemia and abdominal pain which heavy metal poisoning?

Tt of lead poisoning

EDTA dimercaprol(BAL) pencillamine succimer(ORAL)

potential precipitants of lithium toxicity

diuretics ACEi NSAIDS

cause of hyperventilation in aspirin

1. central stimulation | 2. compensatory mech to Metabolic acidosis

what is the ph in aspirin toxicity

variable

special feature of aspirin tox

tinnitus

toxicity of TCAs is due to

anticholinergic Na channel blocking affect

ECG changes in TCA toxicity

widening of QRS complex

any sign of cardiac toxicity in TCAs should lead to imediate use of

bicarbonate cardioprotective not for excretion purposes

features of WE and KP in alcoholism

WE confusion ataxia nystagamus KP amnesia confabulations

mainstay of diagnosis of head injury

CT scan(plain ...not contrast , no skull Xray ) cervical spine xray

diagnosis of concussion

history of loss of conciousness and negative CT findings

why is slight htn maintained during head injury?

SBP=110-160 so than CPP is normal since ICP has risen which can decrease CPP leading to ischemia it should not be much high so as to cause bleeding

if initial CT is normal..still SAH is suspected then?

lumber puncture diagnostic for SAH

xanthochromia needs how much time to form

4 to 6 hrs its presense is indicative of SAH RBCs in CSF can be due to traumatic needle entry also

xanthochromia needs how much time to form

4 to 6 hrs its presense is indicative of SAH RBCs in CSF can be due to traumatic needle entry also

parkland formula

4 × kg × burnt percentage give half in first 8 hrs next half in next 16 hrs

osborne wave /J wave

characteristic of hypothermia elevation of J point

sensitivity of blood cells to radiations

lympho>neutro.........>RBC (least)

hypothermia is one of the few times in which a patuent can be resuscitated from pulselessness beyond the usual 10 minutes of efforts

yes

org in cat bite

pasteurella multocida mainly

dog bites org

pasteurella eikenella hemolytic streptococci staph aureus capnocytophaga canimorsus(high risk of sepsis in asplenic patients)

eikenella corrodens found in which bite

human

prophlactic antibiotics in bites

human monkey cat ALWAYS ``` dogs AS PER INDICATIONS bite on face, genitals, hand immunocomp asplenic ```

Emergency Medicine Flashcards

(63 cards)