Emergency Pharmacology

Question 1

Indications for Epinephrine

Answer 1

1. Cardiac arrest
2. Anaphylaxis
3. Severe asthma

Question 2

Adult dose of Epinephrine for cardiac arrest

Answer 2

1 mg IV/IO every 3–5 min (1:10,000)

Question 3

Adult dose of Epinephrine for anaphylaxis

Answer 3

0.3–0.5 mg IM (1:1,000)

Question 4

Pediatric dose of Epinephrine for cardiac arrest

Answer 4

0.01 mg/kg IV/IO every 3–5 min (1:10,000)

Question 5

Pediatric dose of Epinephrine for anaphylaxis

Answer 5

0.01 mg/kg IM (max 0.3 mg) (1:1,000)

Question 6

Class of Atropine

Answer 6

Anticholinergic

Question 7

Indications for Atropine

Answer 7

Symptomatic bradycardia

Question 8

Adult dose of Atropine

Answer 8

0.5 mg IV every 3–5 min (max 3 mg)

Question 9

Pediatric dose of Atropine

Answer 9

0.02 mg/kg IV/IO

Question 10

Minimum and maximum doses of Atropine

Answer 10

Minimum dose: 0.1 mg; Max single dose: 0.5 mg (child), 1 mg (adolescent)

Question 11

Key notes for Atropine

Answer 11

Ineffective in high-degree AV block with wide QRS

Question 12

Class of Amiodarone

Answer 12

Antiarrhythmic

Question 13

Indications for Amiodarone

Answer 13

VF/pulseless VT, stable VT

Question 14

Adult dose of Amiodarone for arrest

Answer 14

300 mg IV push, then 150 mg IV if needed

Question 15

Pediatric dose of Amiodarone

Answer 15

5 mg/kg IV bolus (max 300 mg per dose)

Question 16

Key notes for Amiodarone

Answer 16

Use after defibrillation and epinephrine in arrest

Question 17

Class of Adenosine

Answer 17

Antiarrhythmic

Question 18

Indications for Adenosine

Answer 18

Stable SVT

Question 19

Adult dose of Adenosine

Answer 19

6 mg IV push, then 12 mg if needed

Question 20

Pediatric dose of Adenosine

Answer 20

0.1 mg/kg IV push (max 6 mg), then 0.2 mg/kg (max 12 mg)

Question 21

Route for Adenosine administration

Answer 21

IV rapid push

Question 22

Key notes for Adenosine

Answer 22

May cause brief asystole; not for AFib/flutter

Question 23

Class of Naloxone (Narcan)

Answer 23

Opioid antagonist

Question 24

Indications for Naloxone

Answer 24

Opioid overdose

Question 25

Adult dose of Naloxone

Answer 25

0.4–2 mg IV/IM/SC every 2–3 min (max 10 mg); 4 mg IN

Question 26

Pediatric dose of Naloxone

Answer 26

0.1 mg/kg IV/IM/SC (max 2 mg per dose); 4 mg IN for older children

Question 27

Routes for Naloxone administration

Answer 27

IV, IM, SC, IN

Question 28

Key notes for Naloxone

Answer 28

Monitor for recurrence due to short half-life

Question 29

Class of Dextrose (D50)

Answer 29

Hypertonic glucose

Question 30

Indications for Dextrose (D50)

Answer 30

Hypoglycemia

Question 31

Adult dose of Dextrose (D50)

Answer 31

25–50 mL D50 IV

Question 32

Pediatric dose of Dextrose (D50)

Answer 32

Neonates: D10 2–5 mL/kg; Infants/children: D25 2–4 mL/kg

Question 33

Route for Dextrose (D50) administration

Answer 33

IV

Question 34

Key notes for Dextrose (D50)

Answer 34

Confirm glucose level before administration

Question 35

Class of Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 35

Electrolyte, antiarrhythmic

Question 36

Indications for Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 36

Torsades de pointes, eclampsia

Question 37

Adult dose of Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 37

1–2 g IV over 10–20 min

Question 38

Pediatric dose of Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 38

25–50 mg/kg IV over 10–20 min (max 2 g)

Question 39

Route for Magnesium Sulfate administration

Answer 39

IV

Question 40

Key notes for Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 40

First-line for torsades; slow infusion preferred

Question 41

Class of Oxygen

Answer 41

Medical gas

Question 42

Indications for Oxygen

Answer 42

Hypoxia, chest pain, trauma

Question 43

Adult dose of Oxygen

Answer 43

Titrate to SpO₂ >94%

Question 44

Pediatric dose of Oxygen

Answer 44

Titrate to SpO₂ >94%; delivery method age-appropriate (NC, mask, BVM)

Question 45

Routes for Oxygen administration

Answer 45

Nasal cannula, NRB, BVM

Question 46

Key notes for Oxygen

Answer 46

Avoid hyperoxia in chronic CO₂ retainers