Emotional and mental wellbeing (slides)

Question 1

who is included in older adults?

Answer 1

65 and older
(young old 65-75)
(old old 75-85)
(oldest old 85up)

Question 2

older adults experiencing chronic disease or dementia are at greater risk of __________ .

Answer 2

depression

Question 3

Women have different coping methods, this may play a role in depression because?

Answer 3

women more commonly ruminate about stress

Question 4

depression in old age is usually _________ depression

Answer 4

reactive depression

Question 5

Reactive depression

Answer 5

depression that results from being unable to cope with a major life change. (diagnosis of an illness, death of a loved one)

Question 6

What are some trends regarding depression in aging

Answer 6

Major depression more prevalent in younger age groups.
but still a common disorder among elderly people.
Can vary in duration and degree.

Question 7

Depression

Answer 7

a mood disorder typified by a long-term pervasive sense of sadness and hopelessness.

Question 8

Why is diagnosis of depression difficult in older age

Answer 8

because they tend to be more likely to mask symptoms - reporting physical symptoms and memory loss rather than mood disturbances.

Question 9

What are some of the consequences of misdiagnosing depression (anxiety) as dementia

Answer 9

may result in a treatable disorder being labeled untreatable/incurable.

Question 10

What is the most common treatment of depression

Answer 10

drug therapy

Question 11

Why are elderly individuals not good candidates for antidepressants (drug therapy)

Answer 11

because of side effects.

also frail and smaller so doses can be incorrect. (child doses rather than adult doses should be used).

Question 12

What is the best treatment for elderly with depression

Answer 12

short term drug therapy in addition to other types of treatment including psychotherapy (e.g., cognitive behavior therapy) and ECT (last resort).

Question 13

What is dementia

Answer 13

a label for a large family of disorders. Dementias see decline in cognitive functioning (learning, memory, intelligence) does show severe deterioration.

Question 14

what is the most common form of dementia

Answer 14

Alzheimer’s Disease. more likely in old age
@65 11%
over 65%
risk increases with age

Question 15

____________ _________ is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills.

Answer 15

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 16

__________ people in Canada now have Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 16

500,000

Question 17

What will happen the the rate of AD in the next 25 years

Answer 17

it is projected to double if no preventative treatment does not become available

Question 18

How does Alzheimer’s disease eventually affects all aspects of a person’s life

Answer 18

there is a progressive decline/damage to certain areas of the brain.
decline in Mental abilities, emotions and moods, behaviors (exit seeking, wandering), physical Abilities

Question 19

What is the focus of treatment for Alzheimer’s disease

Answer 19

Interventions focus on improving functioning/well being(e.g., through environmental modification) and helping family members to cope.
Drugs may help some symptoms temporarily.

Question 20

What is intelligence

Answer 20

Theoretical limits of performance.

the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with his environment

Question 21

Crystallized intelligence

Answer 21

dependent on education and experience (similar to what is assessed by verbal scales of the WAIS)

• Gained through education (vocabulary, etc)
• Increases across the lifespan
• Most jobs depend on your experience (thus crystallized)
• rises or shows stability into the 70s.

Question 22

Fluid intelligence

Answer 22

require adaptation to new situations not dependent of education/experience (Similar to what is assessed by timed, nonverbal (performance) scales of the WAIS)

• Innate ability to problem solve or deal with novel information
• begins to decline earlier.

Question 23

What is memory

Answer 23

the ability to retain or store information and retrieve it when needed.
Memory is not only pervasive in everyday life but is essential to identity.

Question 24

What is the societal stereotype concerning memory and aging?

Answer 24

as we get older we experience a substantial, inevitable decline in memory performance.

Question 25

What is Semantic memory

Answer 25

stored facts.

little age-related decline

Question 26

What is Episodic memory

Answer 26

conscious recollection of information from a specific event or time. (episodes of your life)

Question 27

What is procedural memory

Answer 27

Skill memories -generally do not decline with age.

Tasks that are done so frequently that it requires little cognitive load that it eventually becomes automatic

Question 28

Which parts of Long Term memory sees age related decline

Answer 28

mostly Episodic.

Semantic and procedural memory see little age related decline.