EMT Chapter 40

Question 1

What is an MCI:?

Answer 1

A mass-casualty incident (mci) refers to any call that involves three or more patients, any situation that places such a great demand on available equipment or personnel that the system would would require a mutual aid response, or any incident that has the potential to create one of the previously mentioned situations. Bus or train crashes and earthquakes are examples of MCIs. These incidents can be overwhelming because you will encounter a large number of patients and not enough resources.

Question 2

What is ICS?

Answer 2

Incident Command System. Doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Responding to an event with a large number of patients, you must use a systematic approach to manage the incident efficiently.

Question 3

What is NIMS?

Answer 3

National Incident Management System. A comprehensive framework to enable federal, state, and local governments to work together effectively.

Question 4

The two underlying principals of NIMS?

Answer 4

Flexibility and Standardization. The structure must be flexible enough to rapidly adapt for use in any situation.

Standardization is terminology, resource classification, training, and certification.

Question 5

The goal of ICS (Incident command system):

Answer 5

Communication. Make the best use of your resources to manage the environment around the incident and to treat patients during an emergency. ICS avoids duplication of effort.

Question 6

Span of Control

Answer 6

This principle refers to keeping the supervisor/worker ration at one supervisor for fiver subordinates.

Question 7

ICS Roles and Responsibliities

Answer 7

1. Command
   2.; Finance/Administration
2. Logistics
3. Operations
4. Planning

Question 8

1. Command

Answer 8

The IC (incident Commander) is the person in change of the overall incident. He develops the plan to manage the incident.

Your IC should be on or near the scene, where he can easily communicate with all emergency responders. Always know where the command post is. The IC will often wear bright clothes so they are identifiable.

Question 9

2, Finance/Administration

Answer 9

This chief is responsible for documenting all expenditures at an incident for reimbursement. They are not usually needed at small incidents.

Ensures responders get paid for their time, and unites get reimbursed for their procurement. And deals with claims of injury and compensation.

Question 10

3. Logistics

Answer 10

Responsible for communications , facilities, food/water, fuel, lighting, and medical equipment for patients and emergency responders.

Question 11

4. Operations

Answer 11

The Operations chief is responsible for managing the tactical operations on routine EMS calls. This frees the iC to coordinate with other agencies and the mediate, engage in strategic planning, and ensure logistics are functioning effectively. The operations chief will supervise the people working t the scene of the incident.

Question 12

5. Planning

Answer 12

Solves problems as they arise during the incident. The planners obtain data about the problem, analyst the previous incident plan, and predict what is needed to make the new plan work.

They work closely with Operations, Finance/Administration, and especially Logistics.

Question 13

EMS Response within the ICS

Answer 13

1. Preparedness
2. Scene Size-up
3. Establishing Command
4. Communications

Question 14

Preparedness

Answer 14

The decisions made and basic planning done before an incident occurs.

Your EMS agency should have written disaster plans that your are regularly trained to carry out. A copy should be kept in each EMS vehicle.

Your EMS facilities should have supplies for at least a 72 hour period of self-sufficiency.

Question 15

Scene Size-up

Answer 15

Starts with dispatch.

If dispatch indicates an unsafe scent, stay away until you can deem it safe.

What do I have?
What resources do I need?
What do I need to do?

Question 16

Establishing Command

Answer 16

Once you have performed a good scene size-up, command should be established by the most senior official. notification to other responders should go out, and resources should be requested.

Question 17

Communications

Answer 17

Its the key problem at an MCI or disaster. It may be damaged, or communications capabilities may be overwhelmed. Limit radio traffic if possible (use face to face) Do not use 10-codes or language specific to your EMS system, doing so could be confusing for ancillary serves.

Always have a Plan B, in case communications fail.

Question 18

Triage

Answer 18

Means to sort your patients based on the severity of their inquiries. The goal of doing the greatest good for the greatest number of patients.

Question 19

Triage Priorities:

Answer 19

1. Red Tag
2. Yellow Tag
3. Green Tag
4. Black Tag

Question 20

Red Tag

Answer 20

First priority (immediate). Patients who need immediate care and transport. Airway and breathing, severe bleeding, shock, severe burns, open chest wounds.

Question 21

Yellow Tag

Answer 21

Second priority (delayed). Patients whose treatment and transport can be delayed (Burns without airway compromise, bond or joint injuries).

Question 22

Green Tag

Answer 22

Third priority (walking wounded). Patients who require minimal or no treatment and transport can wait. (Minor factures, minor soft-tissue injuries)

Question 23

Black Tag

Answer 23

Fourth priority (expectant). Patients who are already dead or have little chance for survival. (obvious death, nonsurvivable injury such as open brain trauma or cardiac arrest.