Enculturation and Socialization

Question 1

The self is a product of ________________________

Answer 1

social processes

Question 2

Although people mature as biological entities, the development of their selves is not __________________

Answer 2

parallel process

Question 3

That means the self, according to the anthropologists and sociologists, emerges from _________________

Answer 3

social interaction

Question 4

A British enlightenment philosopher; “Human mind at birth nothing but a blank state, or tabula rasa”; because? ; Human mind acquires information about? through?

Answer 4

As a child grows we have various experiences which imprint us with knowledge to our minds; It acquires information about the outside world through the senses

Question 5

Refers to the lifelong process of social interaction through which people acquire their identities and necessary survival skills in the society

Answer 5

Socialization

Question 6

Socialization prepares new members of society and trains them to _____, ______, and _______ in ______________

Answer 6

think; feel; act; appropriate ways

Question 7

These information it also ______ and defines the _____________ and the ______________________

Answer 7

molds; person’s awareness; view of outside world

Question 8

John Locke doesn’t believe that our human mind has ________________; throughout a person’s life they are intricated with more complex thoughts, this defines his/her political, economic, and social affairs

Answer 8

innate conception

Question 9

Example of socialization

Answer 9

Parents teaches how to act and behave when we meet other people; interacting with friends and family

Question 10

What are the three goals of socialization
1.
First goal is accomplished ______? because as people grow up within a particular society we pick up the expectation on those who are around us; that’s why we have the tendency to internalize those expectations to moderate our impulses and that’s why we develop a ________
2.
Various social roles
a.
b.
c.
3.

Answer 10

1. Socialization teaches impulse control and helps individual develop conscience
   Naturally because as people grow up within a particular society we pick up the expectation on those who are around us; that’s why we have the tendency to internalize those expectations to moderate our impulses and that’s why we develop a conscience
2. Socialization teaches individual how to prepare for and perform certain social roles
   Various social roles
   a. occupational role
   b. gender role
   c. the roles of institutions - marriage and parenthood
3. Socialization cultivates shared sources of meaning and value; people learn to identify what is important and valued within a particular culture

Question 11

A process which enables the development of citizens to function effectively within a particular political system

Answer 11

political socialization

Question 12

Results of socialization
a.
b.
c.

Answer 12

a. We are guided how to act in socially acceptable way
b. We acquire culture that may improve us individuals
c. Socialization also a form of social control

Question 13

it is the process by which people learn the requirements of their surrounding culture and acquire values and behaviors appropriate or necessary in that culture; focuses more on the acquisition of cultural traits

Answer 13

enculturation

Question 14

Example of enculturation

Answer 14

Parents teaching how to recite the rosary

Question 15

Results of enculturation
a.
b
c.
d.

Answer 15

a. if it is not enculturation, a person will not become the way she/he in the society
b. One will not be able to discern what is right from wrong or even take actions to problems encountered
c. An individual knows the boundaries of his. her actions, words and ideas
d. it teaches a person his roles in the society and becomes functional member of the society

Question 16

An american sociologist defined it as “_________” in a social system

Answer 16

Status; position

Question 17

Status refers to a

Answer 17

social position that a person holds

Question 18

A person’s status can either be __________ or ________, _______ or ___________

Answer 18

ascribed or achieved, given or accomplished

Question 19

A person’s status can either be __________ or ________, _______ or ___________

Answer 19

ascribed or achieved, given or accomplished

Question 20

refers to all the statuses a person holds at a given moment

Answer 20

status set

Question 21

a social position a person receives at birth or takes involuntarily later in life; being a son/daughter; Filipino citizen;

Answer 21

ascribe status

Question 22

refers to a social position a person takes on voluntarily that reflects personal identity and effort; honor student

Answer 22

achieved status

Question 23

refers to the behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status

Answer 23

roles

Question 24

identify a number of roles attached to a single status

Answer 24

role set

Question 25

conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses

Answer 25

role strain

Question 26

you -> worker/student/son or daughter -> emergency/study for exam/visit hospital

Answer 26

role conflict

Question 27

through impression management bearing on the formation of a person's self identity; it is an unhealthy emotional strategy that individuals use to control a person or situation when they cannot express or ask for things they want or need in a direct manner; guilt trip; lie

Answer 27

role manipulation

Question 28

it can lead to the creation of damaged identities which must be repaired in order to sustain social interactions; masking your identity; a concept to be taken very seriously; it has the power to create favorable public opinion of a particular person

Answer 28

Impression management

Question 29

Prominent agents of socialization a. b. c. d. e. f. g.

Answer 29

a. family b. school c. peer groups d. mass media e. religion f. state g. social and historical events

Question 30

primary agent of socialization; an institution is also defined by the changes that society undergoes; primary network for the transmission of values, attitudes, and behaviors; determines the political values and views of children; great influence on religious affiliation and belief

Answer 30

family

Question 31

influences the child - - -

Answer 31

-economic position -social class -ethnic background

Question 32

influenced by family - -

Answer 32

-gender roles -values

Question 33

essential for the early care and development of the child

Answer 33

parents and other family members

Question 34

as the child matures, family becomes an important venue for ____________ and _____________

Answer 34

social engagement and political socialization

Question 35

molds students' beliefs' values and attitudes; teach student important values (value of self-improvement and hard work); promotion or preservation of the ideal social, political, and economic system in society; vital in the development of political unity (establishing shared identities that come from diverse social and cultural background)

Answer 35

schools

Question 36

Classification of schools

Answer 36

-public schools -private schools -technical-vocational school -alternative school

Question 37

Schools may offer... a. - b. -

Answer 37

a.traditional education - based on the standard curriculum b.progressive or constructivist education - puts emphasis on individual needs and skills of students

Question 38

Schools are distinguished as... a. - b. -

Answer 38

a. sectarian - grounded on a particular set of religious values b. nonsectarian - not affiliated with a particular religious group

Question 39

refer to people who share the same interests or characteristics; reinforce acceptable behaviors; allow a certain degree of independence; means for socialization involvement in social and political issues; utilized by governments to further their interests (become active agents of political socialization)

Answer 39

peer groups

Question 40

Peer groups are formed by...

Answer 40

informal, spontaneous, and voluntary means

Question 41

allow individuals who share similar backgrounds and interests to come together ex. boy scouts, girl scouts

Answer 41

certain groups

Question 42

encourage organizations to foster camaraderie and a sense of unity and purpose

Answer 42

democratic states

Question 43

use peer groups to reshape attitudes and beliefs, and compel citizens to subscribe to their views and agenda

Answer 43

authoritarian governments

Question 44

forms of communication such as books, magazines, newspaper, other print materials, radio, television, and movies -used by many institutions and organizations involved in the use of print and electronic communication -lacks direct, ftof interaction between the sender and receiver

Answer 44

mass media; powerful agent of socialization; a nonproximate agent of socialization

Question 45

has transferred the way people experience the world and have provided an unprecedented amount of information to them

Answer 45

mass media

Question 46

mass media is a socializing agent - - -

Answer 46

-source of information -presents various viewpoints -provides entertainment

Question 47

Models of media 1. -portrays media as an ideological marketplace that enhances debate and electoral choice 2. -suggests that media reflects the views of the general public, and that media presents what they think the people want

Answer 47

pluralist model; market model

Question 48

put emphasis on the influence of bias in the activities of media institutions

Answer 48

dominant ideology and elite-values models

Question 49

braces the bias to links between media and the political and social elite

Answer 49

dominant-ideology

Question 50

recognize media bias as a product of personal views of media professionals

Answer 50

elite-values models

Question 51

influence of media - -

Answer 51

-lesser among people who have been exposed to more agents of socialization and have a stable set of socialization and have a stable set of political and social views -leads to decline in the sense of community which is vital in upholding democracy

Question 52

ultimate sources of authority

Answer 52

religion and state

Question 53

exerts great influence on the views of a person, legitimizes accepted social practices, provides stability to society, and can even be sources of social change

Answer 53

religion

Question 54

participates in socialization through laws and other regulations that reinforce appropriate behavior, and help form values and attitudes of the citizens

Answer 54

state

Question 55

continues its engagement with the government through its support of opposition to the latter's policies on social and political issues

Answer 55

catholic church

Question 56

state's response to religion is fairly complex a. -the separation of church and state is guaranteed -In reality, the state defines and limits the influence of religion on society b. -government often restricts church activities and persecutes its members c. -use the church to lend legitimacy to dictatorial regimes and repressive policies

Answer 56

a. democratic state b.non-democratic states c.some authoritarian states

Question 57

Through laws... -state upholds important concept such as _____________ and _____________, and regulates the behavior of its citizens through the use of _________ or ________________

Answer 57

rights and responsibilities; rewards or sanctions

Question 58

-defined and influenced the values and attitudes of citizens -citizens can work together to enforce laws and other regulations in society -citizens may reject laws and policies, leading to a possible change or reforms

Answer 58

laws