end of year Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is the equation for acceleration?
Acceleration = (Final velocity – Initial velocity) ÷ Time
What does Newton’s First Law state?
An object will stay at rest or move at a constant speed unless acted on by a resultant force.
What is inertia?
The tendency of objects to resist changes in motion.
What is the unit of force?
Newton (N)
What is the formula for force?
Force = Mass × Acceleration
What is the principle of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or stored.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = ½ × mass × speed²
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
GPE = mass × gravity × height
What is meant by wasted energy?
Energy that is not usefully transferred and usually spreads as heat or sound.
What is the unit of energy?
Joule (J)
What type of wave is sound?
Longitudinal wave
What type of wave is light?
Transverse wave
What is the wave speed formula?
Wave speed = frequency × wavelength
What happens to a wave during refraction?
It changes speed and direction when it enters a different medium.
What is frequency measured in?
Hertz (Hz)
Which EM wave has the shortest wavelength?
Gamma rays
Which EM wave is used for communication with satellites?
Microwaves
What happens to light when it enters a denser medium?
It slows down and bends towards the normal.
What part of the EM spectrum is used in medical imaging?
X-rays
What does a higher frequency mean in EM waves?
More energy and shorter wavelength
What is a half-life?
The time it takes for half the radioactive nuclei to decay.
Which radiation is most ionising?
Alpha radiation
Which type of radiation can be stopped by paper?
Alpha
Which type of radiation is most penetrating?
Gamma
