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Science > End Of Year Assesment Prep 2024 > Flashcards

End Of Year Assesment Prep 2024 Flashcards

1
Q

What orientation are the vibrations in a longitudinal wave in relation to the direction of energy transfer?

A

Parallel

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2
Q

What orientation are the vibrations in a transverse wave in relation to the direction of energy transfer?

A

Perpendicular

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3
Q

What is the top of a transverse wave called

A

Peak

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4
Q

What is the bottom of a transverse wave called

A

Trough

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5
Q

Give two examples of transverse waves

A

Water waves and EM waves

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6
Q

What is the name of the area of high density in a longitudinal wave?

A

Area of compression

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7
Q

What is the name of the area of low density in a longitudinal wave?

A

Area of rarefaction

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8
Q

What happens to matter when a wave travels through a medium and why?

A

It stays in the same place as energy is transferred

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9
Q

What is the amplitude of a wave?

A

The distance from the rest position to the peak or trough of the wave

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10
Q

What is the wavelength and what is it measured in?

A

The distance between a fixed point on one wave to the same point on the next wave. Measured in metres

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11
Q

What is the frequency and what is it measured in?

A

The number of waves that pass a given point every second measured in Hertz (Hz)

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12
Q

What is the period of a wave and what is it measured in?

A

The time taken for a full wave to pass given point measured in seconds

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13
Q

What is the formula to work out the period.

A

Period = 1/frequency or T=1/f

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14
Q

What is wave speed and what is it measured in?

A

How quickly energy is transferred through a medium or how quickly the wave travels measured in metres per second (m/s)

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15
Q

What is formula to work out wave speed?

A

Wave speed = frequency x wavelength
Or
v=f x lambda

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16
Q

What formula would you use to work out the speed of a sound wave travelling through the air?

A

Speed = distance/time

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17
Q

Order the waves:
Radio waves , infrared , X-rays , visible light , microwaves , ultraviolet and gamma rays
With increasing frequencies

A

Radio waves , microwaves , infrared , visible light , ultraviolet , X-rays , gamma rays

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18
Q

What happens when a wave enters a medium with a different density and what is this called?

A

It changes direction and it is called refraction

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19
Q

Is the angle of refraction smaller or larger than the angle of incidence?

A

Smaller

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20
Q

If the angle of incidence is 60 degrees, what is the angle of emergence?

A

60 degrees

21
Q

What happens if a wave enters a new medium at 90 degrees and why?

A

It will travel in a straight line all the way through as it cannot bend any closer towards the normal

22
Q

Why does refraction happen?

A

Because of a change in density causing the wave to move slower or faster

23
Q

Extra information on specific waves click image below
|
V

A

n/a

24
Q

What is electromagnetic radiation measured in?

A

Sieverts or millisieverts (Sv or mSv)

25
Q

What type of surface emits more infrared radiation in a Leslie cube investigation?

A

A dark matt surface

26
Q

What is the type of wave that needs a medium to travel through

A

A mechanical wave

27
Q

Give examples of mechanical waves

A

Sound waves, water waves, waves on springs, ropes and seismic waves made by earthquakes

28
Q

What happens to the particles when a waves travels through an object

A

They oscillate and pass on energy

29
Q

What type of wave is a ripple or a wave in a rope?

A

Transverse

30
Q

What type of wave is a sound wave

A

Longitudinal wave

31
Q

What stays the same when a wave enters a new medium and what changes

A

The frequency stays the same but the wave speed and wave length may change

32
Q

What is absorption?

A

When the energy of a wave is transferred into the energy stores of the substance they travel into

33
Q

What is reflection

A

When a wave bounces off a surface

34
Q

What is refraction

A

When a wave changes speed and direction as it crosses a boundary

35
Q

What is transmission

A

When waves carry on moving once they’ve crossed the boundary, but may be refracted

36
Q

What is a transverse wave

A

A wave that oscillates at 90 degrees (perpendicular) to the direction of energy transfer

37
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

A wave that oscillates parallel to the direction of energy transfer

38
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave

A

Electromagnetic wave

39
Q

Give an example of longitudinal waves

A

A sound wave

40
Q

What is an area of compression

A

The area of high concentration of particles in a longitudinal wave.

41
Q

What is rarefaction

A

The area of low concentration of particles in a longitudinal wave

42
Q

What is the amplitude of a wave?

A

The distance from the undisturbed position of a wave to the peak or trough

43
Q

What is the wavelength of a wave?

A

The distance between two equally distanced fixed points on two neighbouring waves

44
Q

What is the frequency of a wave

A

The amount of times waves pass a fixed point in a second

45
Q

What unit is frequency measured in

A

Hertz (Hz)

46
Q

What property of a wave always stays the same when it travels from one medium to another

A

The frequency

47
Q

What rule do waves follow when the reflect off a surface

A

Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

48
Q

What happens when waves are transmitted at a boundary between two substances

A

They change speed

49
Q

What happens when waves are absorbed by a substance

A

The energy of the wave is transferred to the energy stores of the substance

Science (4 decks)

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