End of year physics Collegiate

Question 1

What is something with high thermal conductivity

Answer 1

A good conductor

Question 2

What is something with low thermal conductivity

Answer 2

A poor conductor or good insulator

Question 3

Give examples of materials with high thermal conductivity

Answer 3

Most metals like copper, silver, gold, aluminium

Question 4

Give examples of materials with low thermal conductivity

Answer 4

Plastic, wood, rubber, wool

Question 5

Why are materials like wool good insulators?

Answer 5

They have a high amount of fibres which trap air and prevent convection

Question 6

What happens in conduction?

Answer 6

A solid gains heat and the thermal energy travels down to colder areas by colliding with adjacent particles

Question 7

What happens in convection?

Answer 7

Air or liquid particles gain heat and then rise to an area with less heat and are replaced by cooler particles

Question 8

Define SHC

Answer 8

The specific heat capacity of a substance is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1*C

Question 9

What is the formula for energy in SHC?

Answer 9

E=mc x theta

Question 10

What does E or W stand for?

Answer 10

Energy transferred (work done)

Question 11

What is E measured in?

Answer 11

J (Joules)

Question 12

What does M stand for?

Answer 12

Mass

Question 13

What is mass measured in?

Answer 13

Kg (kilograms)

Question 14

What does C stand for?

Answer 14

Specific heat capacity

Question 15

What is SHC measured in?

Answer 15

J/kg*C (Joules per kilogram degrees celcius)

Question 16

What is Theta?

Answer 16

Change in temperature

Question 17

What is Theta measured in?

Answer 17

*C (degrees centigrade)

Question 18

What colour is best at emitting and absorbing radiation?

Answer 18

Black

Question 19

What type of surface is best at emitting and absorbing radiation?

Answer 19

Matte

Question 20

What colour is best at reflecting radiation?

Answer 20

White

Question 21

What type of surface is best at reflecting radiation?

Answer 21

Shiny

Question 22

The SHC of water is 4200 J/kgC. If I have 2kg of water and I heat it by 10C, how much energy would that take, in Joules?

Answer 22

84000 J

Question 23

The SHC of water is 4200 J/kgC. If I heat it by 5C using 76kJ, how much water do I have, in kg? (Round to 2DP)

Answer 23

3.62 kg

Question 24

What are the 7 stores of energy?

Answer 24

Kinetic, Thermal, Elastic potential, Gravitational potential, Chemical, Magnetic and electrostatic

Question 25

What is the definition of kinetic energy?

Answer 25

The energy stored by objects' movement

Question 26

Give an example of kinetic energy

Answer 26

A person running, a ball being thrown etc

Question 27

What is the definition of thermal energy?

Answer 27

The energy stored in anything above absolute zero (0 kelvins)

Question 28

Give an example of thermal energy

Answer 28

A bowl of noodles, lava, a cup of tea, etc

Question 29

What is the definition of elastic potential energy?

Answer 29

Anything that is springy that has the potential to spring back up

Question 30

Give an example of elastic potential energy

Answer 30

a spring, an elastic band

Question 31

What is the definition of gravitational potential energy?

Answer 31

The energy stored in an object because of its position above the ground

Question 32

Give an example of gravitational potential energy

Answer 32

Jumping, a ball being held at a height etc

Question 33

What is the definition of chemical energy?

Answer 33

The energy stored in a fuel

Question 34

Give an example of chemical energy

Answer 34

Battery, wood, food, petrol etc

Question 35

What is the definition of magnetic energy?

Answer 35

The energy stored within magnetic fields

Question 36

What is the definition of electrostatic energy?

Answer 36

The energy stored in static electricity

Question 37

What are the 4 transfers of energy?

Answer 37

Mechanical working, electrical working, heating by particles, heating by radiation

Question 38

What is the definition of mechanical working?

Answer 38

Any type of transfer that involves a force or where surfaces are in contact. Includes soundwaves

Question 39

What is the definition of electrical working?

Answer 39

When energy is transferred by a current, through wires

Question 40

What is the definition of heating by particles?

Answer 40

Heat moving from one place to another via conduction and convection

Question 41

What is the definition of heating by radiation?

Answer 41

Heating via any electromagnetic waves

Question 42

What does the Law of the Conservation of Energy state?

Answer 42

Energy cannot be created or destroyed (it can only be stored and transferrred)

Question 43

What two useful energy stores does a hairdryer output?

Answer 43

Kinetic and thermal

Question 44

What is the formula to calculate kinetic energy?

Answer 44

Ek = 1/2 m v^2

Question 45

What is the formula to calculate velocity?

Answer 45

v = distance/time

Question 46

What is the formula to calculate elastic potential energy?

Answer 46

Ee = 1/2 k e^2

Question 47

What does k stand for?

Answer 47

Spring constant (N/m)

Question 48

What does e stand for?

Answer 48

Extension (m)

Question 49

What is the formula to calculate Work Done/Energy Transferred?

Answer 49

W = F x s

Question 50

What does s stand for?

Answer 50

Distance (m)

Question 51

What does F stand for?

Answer 51

Force (N)

Question 52

What is the formula to calculate Weight?

Answer 52

W = m x g

Question 53

What does m stand for?

Answer 53

Mass (kg)

Question 54

What does v stand for?

Answer 54

Velocity (m/s)

Question 55

What does g stand for?

Answer 55

Gravity (N)

Question 56

What is the measure of gravity?

Answer 56

9.8 N

Question 57

What happens to wasted energy?

Answer 57

It gets dissipated into the surrounding area

Question 58

How do you calculate input energy?

Answer 58

Input energy = useful output + wasted output

Question 59

What is the formula for efficiency?

Answer 59

Efficiency = useful output / total input (x100%)

Question 60

How would you reduce friction which causes wasted energy?

Answer 60

Lubricate the parts so thermal energy stops being transferred

Question 61

What is the formula for bounce or drop Gravitational Potential Energy?

Answer 61

m x g x drop or bounce h

Question 62

What does h stand for?

Answer 62

Height