End of years

Question 1

Sequence

Answer 1

Same pattern
but starting at
the different
pitch

Question 2

Repetition

Answer 2

Repeating the
same melody

Question 3

Retrograde

Answer 3

Reverse the
note, from
back to the
front

Question 4

Inversion

Answer 4

Making it
upside down.
The notes go
opposite
direction.

Question 5

String Ensemble

Answer 5

The Canon is typically performed by a string ensemble
consisting of three violins and a basso continuo (often played by a cello, lute
and harpsichord or organ).

Question 6

Canon

Answer 6

The three violins create a canon texture, where the all plays the same continuous variation but in a staggered entrance.

Question 7

Three Violins

Answer 7

The violin melody lines keep on changing and developing, called continuous variation. Each violin plays the same continuous variation yet
enters sequentially, creating a canon texture (a form of contrapuntal imitation.

Question 8

Basso Continuo

Answer 8

Provides the harmonic foundation and rhythmic support, playing a repeating ground bass pattern, played by cello, lute and organ or
harpsichord.

Question 9

Use of Ground Bass

Answer 9

A short, recurring melodic pattern in the bass part that repeats continuously throughout the whole piece and serves as the foundation
for the harmony and structure of the piece.

Question 10

Structure of Samba

Answer 10

Intro – groove – break – groove – break – groove- solo – groove – solo – groove - coda

Question 11

Surdo

Answer 11

The biggest drum
of all and is played with a softer beater and sometimes the hand used to
dampen notes. The bassline marking the
beat of the samba music,
often called the ‘heartbeat’
of the band.

Question 12

Apito

Answer 12

Similar to a
sports whistle.

It is played by the group
leader to indicate the
sections of the piece

Question 13

Repinique

Answer 13

It is played with
sticks or hands
and is held on by
a belt around the
waist. It can produce so many
different tones and is often
the instrument used to
introduce and end songs
and breaks by the leader

Question 14

Caixa

Answer 14

It has strings on
the bottoms to
create vibration
sound. It is used to play fast
repetitive rhythms which
drive the groove.

Question 15

Agogo

Answer 15

It is made out of
two connected
metal bells,
creating high and
low tones. It is made out of
two connected
metal bells,
creating high and
low tones.

Question 16

Tambourim

Answer 16

A small-headed
drum that is
tuned very high. It plays more complicated
rhythms and can be struck
very quick and sharp with
flexible stick.

Question 17

Ganza

Answer 17

It has cylindrical
shape and is
filled with beads,
metal balls or
other similar
items. It can be shaken by holding
the sides with both hands.