Endo Surgery

Question 1

S/S of adrenal carcinoma

Answer 1

Sx related to the part of the adrenal gland where the tumor is
Constitutional sx
Palpable abdominal mass

Question 2

Diagnosis of adrenal carcinoma

Answer 2

FNA
Hormonal evaluation

Question 3

Treatment of adrenal carcinoma

Answer 3

Complete resection

Question 4

MCC of hypercalcemia

Answer 4

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 5

Etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 5

Single parathyroid adenoma

Question 6

S/S of primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 6

Often asymptomatic
Bones, stones, groans, psychiatric overtones

Question 7

Diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 7

Elevation of PTH
24 hour urine calcium

Question 8

Interpretation of 24 hour urine calcium

Answer 8

200-300: likely PHPT and excludes FHH
Less than 200: FHH

Question 9

Management of primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 9

Routine monitoring
Parathyroidectomy
Bisphosphonates

Question 10

Etiology of secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 10

Chronic kidney disease

Question 11

Etiology of hyperthyroidism

Answer 11

Autoimmune

Question 12

S/S of hyperthyroidism

Answer 12

Anxiety
Palpitations
Heat intolerance
Weight loss
Bulging eyes

Question 13

Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

TSH and T4
Iodine uptake
Ultrasound

Question 14

Treatment of hyperthyroidism

Answer 14

PTU or methimazole
BB for sx

Question 15

Etiology of pheochromocytoma

Answer 15

Tumor in the adrenal medulla

Question 16

S/S of pheochromocytoma

Answer 16

Palpitations
HA
Sweating
HTN

Question 17

Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma

Answer 17

Plasma free metanephrines

Question 18

Treatment of pheochromocytoma

Answer 18

Removal of tumor

Question 19

Most common thyroid cancer

Answer 19

Papillary

Question 20

Which thyroid cancer is likely to metastasize to distant sites?

Answer 20

Follicular

Question 21

Thyroid cancer that secretes calcitonin

Answer 21

Medullary

Question 22

Most aggressive thyroid cancer

Answer 22

Anaplastic

Question 23

S/S of thyroid cancer

Answer 23

Palpable, firm, nontender thyroid nodule
Often asx

Question 24

Diagnosis of thyroid cancer

Answer 24

US
Biopsy

Question 25

Treatment of thyroid cancer

Answer 25

> 1 cm mass known to be cancer: total thyroidectomy < 1 cm known to be cancer: lobectomy < 4 cm indeterminate lesion: lobectomy > 4 cm indeterminate lesion: total thyroidectomy

Question 26

Diagnosis of thyroid nodule

Answer 26

Labs US RAI uptake FNA

Question 27

Cold vs. hot thyroid nodules

Answer 27

Cold: higher cancer risk Hot: lower cancer risk

Question 28

Indications for FNA

Answer 28

> 1 cm and suspicious > 2 cm Associated cervical LAN Growth

Question 29

Resting tremor

Answer 29

Occurs in a body part that is fully supported, relaxed, and not voluntarily activated

Question 30

Action postural tremor

Answer 30

Occurs in an attempt to maintain a specific posture or position against the force of gravity

Question 31

Action kinetic tremor

Answer 31

During voluntary movement

Question 32

Action isometric tremor

Answer 32

Occurs during a muscle contraction against a rigid, stationary object

Question 33

Intentional tremor

Answer 33

Worsens as the body part approaches its target

Question 34

Treatment of essential tremor

Answer 34

Propranolol Primidone