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Physiology > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Two major communicating system In endocrinology

A

Nervous system endocrine system

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2
Q

Hormones are produced by what type of glands

A

Ductless glands

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3
Q

Hormones act via

A

Receptors

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4
Q

What all are the different chemicals in hormones

A

Amines
proteins
steroids

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5
Q

Two lobes in pituitary gland

A

Anterior and posterior

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6
Q

Connection between hypothalamus and anterior pituitary

A

Hypothalamo hypophyseal portal system

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7
Q

Growth hormone also known as

A

Somatotrophin

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8
Q

Growth promoting effect mediated by

A

Somatomedins

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9
Q

Because of hyperglycemia growth hormone is also known as known as

A

Diabetogenic hormone

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10
Q

What is ketogenic affect

A

Increasing the hepatic oxidation of fatty acid to ketone bodies

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11
Q

Difference between gigantism and acromegaly

A

Gigantism in adolescence

acromegaly in adulthood

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12
Q

Prognathism happens in

A

Acromegaly condition

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13
Q

Adrenal gland also known as

A

Suprarenal gland

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14
Q

Parts of adrenal gland

A

Adrenal medulla

Adrenal cortex

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15
Q

Hormones in adrenal cortex

A

Steroids cortisol aldosterone

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16
Q

Conversion of sodium an expression of potassium done by

A

Aldosterone

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17
Q

80% hormone in adrenal medulla

A

Adrenaline

18
Q

How is the blood pressure increased with the help of aldosterone

A

Aldosterone helps to increase the extracellular fluid volume thereby increasing the blood pressure

19
Q

Applied aspects of adrenal cortex

A

Addison’s disease

Cushing syndrome

20
Q

Hormones in adrenal medulla

A

Adrenaline noradrenaline and dopamine

21
Q

Hormone secreted by thyroid gland

A

T3
T4 
calcitonin

22
Q

T3 is also known as

A

Tri iodo thyronine

23
Q

T4 hormone is also known as

A

Thyroxine

24
Q

Which hormones are secreted by follicular cells

A

T3 and T4

25
Q

Calcitonin is secreted by

A

Parafollicular cells

26
Q

Thyroid hormone is also

A

Hyperglycemic Hormone

27
Q

What is goiter

A

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

28
Q

Goiter is due to what type of deficiency

A

Iodine deficiency

29
Q

Applied aspects of thyroid hormone

A

Cretinism
Myxoedema
Graves disease

30
Q

Difference between cretinism and myxoedema

A

Cretinism-infants amd children

Myxoedema-adults

31
Q

Drooping of upper eyelids

A

Ptosis

32
Q

Dry thickened rough yellow skin is seen in

A

Myxoedema

33
Q

Fasting blood glucose level

A

62-90 mg/dL

34
Q

Lack of insulin

A

Diabetes mellitus

35
Q

What happens when blood glucose level exit 1 80 mg/dL

A

Diabetes mellitus

36
Q

Diabetes mellitus also known as

A

Glycosuria

37
Q

What happens when fasting blood sugar level is less than hundred milligrams per deciliter

A

Diabetes mellitus

38
Q

What level of blood sugar is considered pre-diabetes

A

100-125 mg/dL

39
Q

Let’s genetic predisposition in which type of diabetes mellitus

A

Type one

40
Q

Polyphagia

A

Increased eating

Physiology (10 decks)

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