Endocrine Flashcards
1
Q
- Marked enlargement of the bones in the hands, feet, and face caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) in adulthood.
A
Pituitary
Acromegaly:
2
Q
- Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), causing a failure of the kidneys to reabsorb water and resulting in excessive urination (polyuria) and thirst (polydipsia).
A
Diabetes insipidus (DI):
3
Q
- Abnormally small body size caused by hyposecretion of GH in childhood. Bones are underdeveloped but well proportioned to the body.
A
Dwarfism:
4
Q
- arked increase in body size caused by hypersecretion of GH in childhood.
A
Gigantism:
5
Q
- Congenital deficiency in the secretion of the thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism) resulting in mental retardation, impaired growth, and abnormal bone formation.
A
Thyroid
Cretinism:
6
Q
- An enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by hyperthyroidism.
A
Goiter:
7
Q
- Increased cellular metabolism caused by excessive production of thyroid hormones (hyperthyroidism).
A
Graves’ disease:
8
Q
- A condition of subcutaneous tissue swelling caused by hypothyroidism that develops in adulthood.
A
Myxedema:
9
Q
- Excessive parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, often caused by a benign tumor.
A
Parathyroid
Hyperparathyroidism:
10
Q
- Deficient PTH secretion caused by injury or surgical removal of the gland.
A
Hypoparathyroidism:
11
Q
- Caused by hyposecretion of cortisol.
A
Adrenal
Addison’s disease:
12
Q
- Hypersecretion of cortisol as a result of increased adrenal cortex stimulation by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland, caused by a tumor of the pituitary gland or adrenal cortex gland.
A
Cushing’s disease:
13
Q
- Insulin deficiency that prevents sugar from leaving the blood and entering the body cells, resulting in hyperglycemia.
A
Pancreas
Diabetes mellitus (DM):
14
Q
- Abnormally decreased blood sugar level associated with increased insulin production.
A
Hypoglycemia:
