Endocrine

Question 1

Pituitary Gland AKA

Answer 1

“Master Gland”

Question 2

Location fo pituitary gland

Answer 2

under hypothalamus
2 lobes

Question 3

what hormones are secreted by pituitary

Answer 3

hGH, TSH, ACTH, ADH, OCT

Question 4

posterior pituarity

Answer 4

stores and releases ADH and OXYTOCIN

Question 5

what gives p. pituarity directions

Answer 5

hypothalamus

Question 6

which lobe of the pituarity gland is a part of the nervous system?

Answer 6

posterior

Question 7

anterior pituarity

Answer 7

produces and releases hormones

Question 8

what hormones does the a. pituarity produce

Answer 8

hGH
prolactin (PRL)
TSH
ACTH
ESH
LH

Question 9

ADH

Answer 9

Antidiruetic hormone
inc. water reabsorption on the kidney’s collecting duct

Question 10

where is adh secreted from

Answer 10

p. pituarity

Question 11

what controls the amount of ADH

Answer 11

osmotic pressure

Question 12

what happens if the fluid in the kidney’s collecting duct is too dilute

Answer 12

hypothalamus signals p. pituarity to release ADH
= inc. reabsorption, inc concentrationg and decrease volume of urine

Question 13

what happens if the fluid int he kidney’s collecting duct is too concentrated

Answer 13

stops sending signals to stop amount of ADH
= inc. volume, inc vollume and dec. concentration of urine

Question 14

hGH

Answer 14

Human growth hormone
stimulates growth, repair, and metaboilism either indirectly or directly

Question 15

where is hGH secreted from

Answer 15

a. pituarity

Question 16

what does the hGH stimulate

Answer 16

liver to release growth factors

Question 17

effects of hGH

Answer 17

protein synthesis and mitosis
breakdown and release of stored fats

Question 18

HYPOSECRETION

Answer 18

less
dwarfism

Question 19

HYPERSECRETION

Answer 19

more
gigantism

Question 20

TSH

Answer 20

Thyroid stimulating hormone
causes thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine

Question 21

where is TSH secreted from

Answer 21

a. pituarity

Question 22

what controls TSH

Answer 22

negative feedback loop from hypothalamus

Question 23

ACTH

Answer 23

Adrenocorticotropic hormone
detects stress or danger

Question 24

where is ACTH secreted from

Answer 24

a. pituarity

Question 25

what is the pattern of ACTH

Answer 25

naturally high in the morning, falls throughout the day

Question 26

what does ACTH stimulate

Answer 26

cortisol to release from adrenal cortex

Question 27

thyroid produces what hormones

Answer 27

thyroxine, T3, nad calcitonin

Question 28

location of thyroid

Answer 28

around trachea, below larynx

Question 29

what's needed to make T3 and T4

Answer 29

iodine

Question 30

Thyroxine

Answer 30

inc. metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins

Question 31

what is produced and released by T3 and T4

Answer 31

thyroid

Question 32

what is T3

Answer 32

the activated form of T4

Question 33

high levels of T4=

Answer 33

signals pituarity to stop producing TSH

Question 34

low levels of T4=

Answer 34

TSH continues to stimulate

Question 35

Calcitonin

Answer 35

lowers blood calcium

Question 36

what produces and secretes calcitonin

Answer 36

thyroid

Question 37

what does calcitonin stimulate

Answer 37

calcium uptake by bones from blood when calcium levels get high

Question 38

parathyroid glands

Answer 38

4 small glands attached to the thyroid

Question 39

PTH

Answer 39

parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium

Question 40

what produces and secretes PTH

Answer 40

parathyroid glands

Question 41

what does PTH do

Answer 41

breaks down bones to release calcium

Question 42

what does PTH stimulate

Answer 42

kidneys and intestine to increase calcium absorption activates vitamin D for calcium intake

Question 43

Pancreas

Answer 43

below stomach, attached to small intestine by duct

Question 44

endocrine

Answer 44

secretes digestive enzymes

Question 45

exocine

Answer 45

performed by islets of langerhans

Question 46

ISLETS OF LANGERHANS

Answer 46

beta and alpha cells

Question 47

beta cells

Answer 47

secrete insulin

Question 48

alpha cells

Answer 48

secrete glucagen

Question 49

insulin

Answer 49

dec blood glucose by inc storage and utilization

Question 50

glucagon

Answer 50

stimulates liver to concert glucagen to glucose

Question 51

adrenal glands

Answer 51

on top of kidneys

Question 52

adrenal medulla

Answer 52

inner layer short-term stress response

Question 53

which part produces and secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 53

adrenal medulla

Question 54

adrenal cortex

Answer 54

outer layer long-term stress response

Question 55

which part produces and secretes glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, gonadocorticoids

Answer 55

adrenal cortex

Question 56

epine. and nore.

Answer 56

release signal directly from hypothalamus fight or light response

Question 57

cortisol

Answer 57

release stimulated by ACTH

Question 58

alldosterone

Answer 58

stimulates kidneys to inc. absorption of sodium from filtrate

Question 59

diabetes mellitus

Answer 59

doesn't respond to insulin or doesnt produce enough

Question 60

TYPE 1

Answer 60

immune system destroys beta cells =insulin isn't produced

Question 61

TYPE 2

Answer 61

insulin recepotors on cells stop responding to insulin