ENDOCRINE

Question 1

THIS PROCESS IS RESPONSIBLE FOR RELEASING STORED GLUCOSE INTO THE BLOODSTREAM?

Answer 1

GLYCOGENOLYSIS

Question 2

THIS HORMONE COUNTERACTS INSULIN AND ITS FUNCTION IS TO RAISE BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS

Answer 2

GLUCAGON

Question 3

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS CORRECT?

A: TYPE 1 DIAB., KNOWN AS ADULT ONSET, DOES NOT REQUIRE INSULIN B/C PANCREAS STILL HAS SOME FUNCTIONING

B: TYPE1 DIAB, KNOWN AS JUVENILE ONSET, DOES NOT REQUIRE INSULIN B/C PANCREAS STILL HAS SOME FUNCTIONING

C: TYPE2 DIAB, KNOWN AS ADULT ONSET, DOES NOT REQUIRE INSULIN B/C PANCREAS STILL HAS SOME FUNCTIONING

D: TYPE2 DIAB, KNOWN AS JUVENILE DIAB. DOES NOT REQUIRE INSULIN B/C PANCREAS STILL HAS SOME FUNCTIONING

Answer 3

C: TYPE2 DIAB, KNOWN AS ADULT ONSET, DOES NOT REQUIRE INSULIN B/C PANCREAS STILL HAS SOME FUNCTIONING

Question 4

SEX STEROIDS (HORMONES) ARE MADE IN THIS LAYER OF THE ADRENAL GLAND?

MNEMONIC:
GO - SALT
FUCK -SUGAR
ROB - SEX

Answer 4

ZONA RETICULARIS

Question 5

WHERE ARE THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM ACTING NEUROTRANSMITTERS EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE MADE IN THE ADRENAL GLAND?

Answer 5

ADRENAL MEDULLA

Question 6

THESE SETS OF HORMONES ARE MADE BY THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

Answer 6

OXYTOCIN AND VASOPRESSION

Question 7

THIS HORMONE ACTS AT THE LEVEL OF THE COLLECTING DUCTS IN THE KIDNEY, AND ITS FUNCTION IS TO PRESERVE FLUID VOLUME IN THE BLOOD AND ALSO THEREBY PRESERVE OR EVEN RAISE BLOOD PRESSURE?

Answer 7

ADH

Question 8

WHAT HAPPENS TO LEVELS OF TSH IN A CLASSIC CASE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM?

Answer 8

TSH IS ELEVATED

Question 9

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CUSHING’S DISEASE AND ADDISONS DISEASE?

A. IN CUSHING’S DISEASE, CORTISOL IS HIGH WHEREAS IN Addison’s disease, CORTISOL IS LOW

B. IN CUSHING’S DISEASE, CORTISOL IS LOW, Addison’s disease ACTH IS HIGH

C. IN CUSHING’S DISEASE, ACTH IS HIGH, Addison’s disease ACTH IS LOW

D. IN CUSHING’S DISEASE ACTH IS LOW , Addison’s disease ACTH IS HIGH

Answer 9

IN CUSHING’S DISEASE, CORTISOL IS HIGH WHEREAS IN Addison’s disease, CORTISOL IS LOW

Question 10

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS CORRECT REGARDING PTH (PARATHYROID HORMONE)?

A. STIMULATES REABSORPTION OF CA AND INHIBITS PHOSPHATE REABSORPTION IN THE KIDNEYS

B. INCREASES BONE RESORPTION OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE

C. DEACREASED SERUM MG WILL DECREASE PTH SECRETION

D. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Answer 10

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 11

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS CORRECT REGARDING VITAMIN D?

A. INCREASES CA AND PHOSPHATE ABSORPTION AT THE LEVEL OF THE INTESTINES

B. INCREASES BONE RESORPTION OF CA AND PHOSPHATE

C. VITAMIN D FEEDBACK INHIBITS ITS OWN PRODUCTION

D. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Answer 11

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 12

THIS IS THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM?

Answer 12

HASHIMOTO’S THYROIDITIS

Question 13

WHAT LAB TEST CAN BE DONE TO DISTINGUISH DIABETES MELLITUS FROM DIAB. INSIPIDUS?

Answer 13

WATER DEPRIVATION TEST

Question 14

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS OR PAIRS OF DRUGS MAY BE USED IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTHYROIDISM?

Answer 14

PROPYLTHIOURACIL

METHIMAZOLE

Question 15

WHICH HORMONE IS NOT PRODUCED BY THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY?

A. GH
B. ALDOSTERONE
C. TSH
D. PROLACTIN

Answer 15

ALDOSTERONE

Question 16

WHICH HORMONE IS PRODUCED BY THE HEART?

Answer 16

NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES

Question 17

A PATIENT COMPLAINS OF FEELING SLUGGISH, HAVING WEIGHT GAIN AND ALWAYS FEELS CHILLED. THIS PATIENT COULD BE SUFFERING FROM?

A. HASHIMOTOS
B. CUSHINGS
C. DIAB. MELLITUS
D. GIGANTISM

Answer 17

HASHIMOTOS

Question 18

WHICH HORMONE HAS THE NEPHRON AS ITS TARGET TISSUE/CELL?

A. SECRETIN
B. PARATHYROID HORMONE
C. ALDOSTERONE
D. ANSWERS B AND C
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Answer 18

PARATHYROID HORMONE
ALDOSTERONE
(B AND C)

Question 19

THIS CONDITION IS COMMONLY CAUSED BY A TUMOR OF THE ADRENAL GLAND?

Answer 19

CUSHINGS SYNDROME

Question 20

A LACK OF THIS MAY BE ONE OF THE CAUSES OF A GOITER

Answer 20

IODINE

Question 21

MENTAL RETARDATION MAY BE A RESULT OF

Answer 21

CRETINISM

Question 22

POLYDYPSIA, POLYURIA, AND POLYPHAGIA MAY BE SIGNS OF ?

Answer 22

DIABETES MELLITUS

Question 23

WHAT DIAGNOSTIC TEST IS MOST COMMONLY DONE INITIALLY IF A PHYSICIAN IS CONCERNED WITH A HORMONAL IMBALANCE?

Answer 23

LAB. BLOOD TESTS

Question 24

THE HORMONE WHICH INCREASES RED BLOOD CELL PRODUCTION IS CALLED?

Answer 24

ERYTHROPOIETIN

Question 25

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE FOUND IN CHILDREN ONLY

Answer 25

PITUITARY DWARFISM

Question 26

INCREASE RISK OF BONE FRACTURES MAY BE SEEN IN

Answer 26

HYPERPARATHYROIDISM

Question 27

WHICH HORMONE HELPS THE BODY COPE WITH STRESS?

Answer 27

CORTISOL

Question 28

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PATHOLOGIES MAY COMMONLY BE A RESULT OF AN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE? A. HASHIMOTOS B. GRAVES C. ADDISONS D. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Answer 28

ALL OF THE ABOVE

Question 29

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING HORMONES IS A GLUCOCORTICOID?

Answer 29

CORTISOL

Question 30

WHICH PATHOLOGY IS A RESULT OF A HYPERSECRETION OF GH? A. GIGANTISM B. GRAVES C. ACROMEGALY D. BOTH A AND C

Answer 30

BOTH A AND C | GIGANTISM AND ACROMEGALY

Question 31

THYROXINE MAY BE USED AS A TREATMENT IN

Answer 31

CRETINISM (CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM)

Question 32

WHICH GLAND PRODUCES GLUCAGON?

Answer 32

PANCREAS

Question 33

WHICH ARE BOTH ENDO AND EXO?

Answer 33

LIVER AND PANCREAS

Question 34

WHAT ARE PART OF THE ENDO SYSTEM?

Answer 34

``` HYPOTHALAMUS PITUITARY ADRENAL GLAND PARATHYROID THYROID PANCREAS ```

Question 35

BRAIN REGION CONTROLLING THE PITUITARY GLAND?

Answer 35

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 36

AFFECTS METABOLISM, AMONG OTHER THINGS?

Answer 36

THYROID

Question 37

HELPS REGULATE LEVEL OF CALCIUM IN THE BLOOD?

Answer 37

PARATHYROID

Question 38

REGULATES THE LEVEL OF SUGAR IN THE BLOOD?

Answer 38

PANCREAS

Question 39

HELPS TRIGGER THE FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE?

Answer 39

ADRENAL GLANDS

Question 40

SECRETES MANY DIFF. HORMONES, SOME OF WHICH AFFECT OTHER GLANDS?

Answer 40

PITUITARY GLAND

Question 41

WHAT IS POSITIVE FEEDBACK AND WHAT HAPPENS?

Answer 41

NOT COMMON *DELIVERING A BABY ACTION OF OXYTOCIN ON UTERINE MUSCLE DURING BIRTH

Question 42

WHAT IS NEGATIVE FEEDBACK AND WHAT HAPPENS?

Answer 42

MOST COMMON LEVEL OF HORMONE IN BLOOD OR BODYS RETURN TO HOMEOSTASIS SHUTS OFF LOPP AT HYPOTHALAMUS & PITUITARY

Question 43

WHOS FXN: COMMUNICATION BTW NERVOUS AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM VIA THE PITUITARY?

Answer 43

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 44

WHOS FXN: CONTROLS HUNGER, TEMP, THIRST

Answer 44

HYPOTHALAMUS

Question 45

PROLACTIN MAKES WHAT

Answer 45

MILK

Question 46

WHAT ARE THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES?

Answer 46

``` TSH GH ACTH FSH LH PROLACTIN (PRL) ```

Question 47

WHAT ARE THE TWO POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONES/

Answer 47

OXYTOCIN AND VASOPRESSIN

Question 48

OXYTOCIN TARGET AND FXN?

Answer 48

TARGET IS BREAST, BRAIN, UTERINE, SM. MUSCLE FXN: LABOR, MILK

Question 49

VASOPRESSIN ( ANTI DIURETIC HORMONE ) TARGET AND FXN?

Answer 49

TARGET: KD FXN: MAINTAIN BP TOWARD INCREASING BP

Question 50

THYROID NEEDS _____ TO CREATE ____?

Answer 50

IODINE, THYROXINE

Question 51

THYROIDS FXN?

Answer 51

SECRETE THYROXINE AND REG. BODYS METABOLISM AND MAKE PROTEINS

Question 52

PARATHYROID REGULATES THE BODYS ?

Answer 52

CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE LEVELS

Question 53

FXN OF PARATHYROID HORMONE ? PTH

Answer 53

RELEASE CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE INCREASE ABSORPTION OF PHOSP & CALCIUM INCREASES PRODUCTION OF VIT D IN KDS, INCREASES CALCIUM REABSORP. AND DECREASES REABSORP. OF PHOSPHATE

Question 54

WHAT DOES THYMUS SECRETE?

Answer 54

THYMOSIN

Question 55

WHAT IS ENDOCRINE?

Answer 55

DUCT LESS GLANDS THAT SECRETE HORMONE SIGNALS INTO THE BLOODSTREAM

Question 56

WHAT IS EXOCRINE?

Answer 56

DUCT CONTAINING GLANDS THAT SECRETE DIGESTIVE CHEMICALS

Question 57

PANCREAS ENDOCRINE FXN?

Answer 57

MAKE INSULIN, GLUCAGON AND SOMATOSTATIN

Question 58

WHAT HORMONES REG. THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE?

Answer 58

ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE

Question 59

INSULIN IS MADE BY THE ___ OF THE ____?

Answer 59

BETA CELLS OF THE PANCREAS

Question 60

GLUCAGON IS MADE IN THE ___ OF THE ___?

Answer 60

ALPHA CELLS OF THE PANCREAS

Question 61

T3 AND T4 ARE ELEVATED

Answer 61

HYPERTHYROIDISM

Question 62

T3 AND T4 ARE DECREASED

Answer 62

HYPOTHYROIDISM

Question 63

GRAVES IS WHAT THYROIDISM?

Answer 63

HYPER

Question 64

HASHIMOTOS IS WHAT THYROIDISM?

Answer 64

HYPO

Question 65

GOITER CAN BE CAUSED BY EITHER ___?

Answer 65

GRAVES OR HASHIMOTOS

Question 66

FOR HYPERTHYROIDISM EVERYTHING IS INCREASED EXCEPT?

Answer 66

TSH , IT IS DECREASED, HIGH METABOLISM

Question 67

FOR HYPOTHYROIDISM EVERYTHING IS DECREASED EXCEPT?

Answer 67

TSH, IT IS INCREASED, LOW METABOLISM

Question 68

BMI RATIO | <18.5

Answer 68

UNDERWEIGHT

Question 69

BMI | 18.5-24.9

Answer 69

NORMAL

Question 70

BMI | 25-29.9

Answer 70

OVERWEIGHT

Question 71

BMI | >30

Answer 71

OBESE

Question 72

WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CONTROL MECHANISM?

Answer 72

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK