endocrine

Question 1

what are the symptoms of hypercalciemoa

Answer 1

Symptomatic - bones/stones/moans/ (abdo pain)/groan (psych complaints)/ thrones (polyuria and constipation)

psych complaints of lethargy, fatigue, depression, ataxiam delerium, psychosis

Vague symptoms of tiredness/depression don’t count as firm indications for parathyroidectomy

Question 2

what are indications for parathyroidectomy in asymptomatic patient (4th international workshop on asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism)

Answer 2

ca2+ >0.25 ULN
T score 10mmol/day
Asymptomatic vertebral column fractures
Familial MEN syndrome

Survival benefit for cardiovascular disease seen after 15 years
1/3 patients will have worsening biochemistry in the first few years if followed up and should have surgery