Endocrine Anatomy Flashcards
(25 cards)
Where does the pituitary gland sit?
Sella turcica
Enlargement of the pituitary gland can lead to what visual field defect?
Bitemporal hemaniopia
How is the pituitary gland connected to the hypothalamus?
Infundibulum
Which lobe of the pituitary gland is larger?
Anterior (2/3rd)
In H&E staining what colour is the anterior pituitary gland?
Darkly stained
In H&E staining what colour is the posterior pituitary gland?
Pale pink
Within the anterior pituitary gland what are the three categories of cell in regards to staining?
Acidophilic
Basophilc
Chromophobic
In H&E stainiing what colour will acidophilic, basophilic and chromophobic cells be?
Acidophilic = pink Basophilic = light purple Chromophobic = pale
What are the two classes of acidophil found in the anterior pituitary?
Somatotrophs and mammotrophs
What are the three classes of basophil found in the anterior pituitary?
Corticotrophs
Thyrotrophs
Gonadotrophs
Give an example produced in the anterior pituitary of:
Somatotrophs Mammotrophs Corticotrophs Thyrotrophs Gonadotrophs
Somatotrophs: Somatotrophin Mammotrophs: Prolactin Corticotrophs: ACTH or MSH Thyrotrophs: TSH Gonadotrophs: FSH and LH
How does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary?
Hypophyseal capillary portal system
Which vertebral levels does the thyroid gland sit between?
C5 to T1
What three strap muscles overlie the thyroid gland?
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
From what artery does the superior thyroid artery arise?
External carotid artery
From what artery does the inferior thyroid artery arise?
Branch of subclavian artery
Where does the superior and middle thyroid vein dram?
Drains into the internal jugular vein
Where does the inferior thyroid vein drain?
Drains into the left brachiocephalic vein
What do C cells secrete?
Calcitonin
How are the suprarenal glands peritonised?
Retroperitoneal
Where does the suprarenal arteries arise from?
Inferior phrenic artery, aorta and renal arteries
What are the three zones of the suprarenal cortex?
Zona glomerulosa, zona fasiculata and zona reticularis
Zona glomerulosa produces what class of hormone?
Mineralcorticoids e.g. aldosterone
Zona fasiculata produces what class of hormone?
Glucocorticoids e.g. cortisol
