Endocrine And Nervous System Flashcards
(13 cards)
How does the body use negative feedback in response to high blood glucose levels?
-the pancreas secretes insulin
-insulin moves into the blood and targets the liver and skeletal muscle
-the liver and skeletal muscle cells become permeable to glucose allowing it to enter
-blood glucose levels return to normal
List the glands in the body and their location?
Pineal- midbrain
Anterior pituitary- base of the brain
Posterior pituitary- base of the brain
thyroid- front of neck
parathyroid- back of the neck
adrenal- top of the kidneys
pancreas- behind the stomach
ovaries- either side of uterus
testes- scrotum
What hormones are secreted from each gland?
Pineal- melatonin
Anterior pituitary- GH, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, PRH.
posterior pituitary- ADH, oxytocin.
Thyroid-T3, T4, calcitonin
Parathyroid- PTH
Adrenal- glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids
Pancreas- insulin, glucagon
Ovaries- oestrogens, progesterone
Testes- testosterone, androgen
What is target tissue?
When hormones are released into the blood stream, it can only be accepted by specific receptors, like a lock and key concept where only the right key will unlock the target tissue.
What are four functions of the endocrine system?
-Regulates chemical composition and volume of extra cellular fluid
-regulates metabolism and energy balance
-regulates contraction of smooth and cardiac muscle fibres
-regulates certain activities of the immune system
Explain one function of the brain stem?
This area controls our life support systems, for example breathing.
Explain one function of the cerebellum?
The cerebellum fine tunes our gross movements and controls posture and balance.
Is the autonomic nervous system voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
Is the somatic nervous system involuntary or voluntary?
Voluntary
What are the structures that make up the CNS and what is the function of the CNS?
The structures are the brain and spinal cord, the function is the integration centre.
What are the structures that make up the PNS and what is the function of the PNS?
The structures are the cranial and spinal nerves, and the function is communication lines between the CNS and the rest of the body.
What is the function of sensory input and the pathway it uses?
Information gathered by sensory receptors about internal and external changes that travel via the afferent pathway.
What is the integration centre?
Interpretation of sensory input, made up of the brain and spinal cord.
