Endocrine Cases - Ferrill Flashcards
In Utero, infant size really depends on maternal factors such as: (4)
- Size,
- nutrition,
- health,
- social habits (ETOH, tobacco, stress, etc)
After birth, a child’s growth depends a lot more on?
Genetics - Normal growth is the result of the proper interaction of genetic, nutritional, metabolic, and endocrine factors
The first 18 months: Catch-up or catch-down growth
Kids will grow in an upward trend on the chart, but may change percentile lines until they reach their genetically predetermined level of growth velocity
After ______, kids typically stay along the same percentile of growth
18-24 months
Abnormal growth: Define Growth Failure
pathologic state of abnormally low growth rate over time, reflects a loss of two or more major percentile lines
Reasons for growth failure (3)
- Failure to thrive (environmental, dietary (celiac)),
- hormonal (growth hormone, thyroid),
- metabolic (storage disorders), etc.
Normal variants of growth?
- Short Stature
- Constitutional delay of growth and puberty
Three causes of short stature:
- idiopathic
- Familial
- Non-Familial
Define Idiopathic short stature
a condition characterized by a height more than 2 sd below average for age, or below the 2.5 percentile for age and gender
Define Familial Short Stature
short in comparison to age matched population, but consistent with familial genetics
Define non-familial short stature
short in comparison to both population and family
Define Constitutional delay of growth and puberty
temporary delay in the skeletal growth and thus height of a child with no other physical abnormalities causing the delay. These children ‘catch-up’ during mid-puberty
Types of Abnormal growth?
- growth failure
- excessive growth
Define excessive growth
kids either start out large for age, or at some point start to grow faster than expected for age.
How to tell the difference between constitutional delay or growth and constitutional short stature?
the Constitutional growth delay curve begins to angle upward during early to mid puberty to reach a higher percentile range. The Constitutional short stature curve never gets above the 3rd percentile.
