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Flashcards in Endocrine Emergencies Deck (19)
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0
Q

diagnostics for DKA (5)

A
plasma glucose > 250 but < 800
arterial pH < 7.3
bicarb < 19
increase anion gap
positive ketones
1
Q

Whipple triad and use

A

symptoms consistent w/ hypoglycemia
low plasma glucose concentrations when symptoms are present
relief of sx when glucose level rises

diagnosis of hypoglycema w/o diabetes

2
Q

DKA treatment orders (4)

A

correct fluid loss
correct electrolytes (especially K+)
correct hyperglycemia w/ insulin
correct acid base balance

3
Q

discharge for DKA

A

only after stable on outpt insulin

wait 24h after glucose, anion gap, & pH are normal

4
Q

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic state diagnostics (5)

A
plasma glucose > 600
bicarb > 18
serum osmo > 320
variable anion gap
small serum ketones
5
Q

tx for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic state (3)

A

infuse isotonic saline
correct K+ deficit
low dose IV insulin

6
Q

alcoholic ketoacidosis diagnostics (4)

A

pH < 7.3
increased serum osmo
anion gap > 14
+ serum ketones

7
Q

alcoholic ketoacidosis treatments (2)

A

insulin or IV dextrose

8
Q

thyroid storm tx (2)

A

beta blocker

PTU

9
Q

myxedema coma tx (3)

A
IV Liothyronine (T3)
IV Levothyroxine (T4)
hydrocortisone
10
Q

hypocalcemia labs

A

Calcium < 7.5 mg/dl

correct for albumin: measured total Ca + 0.8(serum albumin)

11
Q

hypocalcemia tx (3)

A

IV Magnesium
IV calcium
Vit D

12
Q

tx hypercalcemia (2)

A

IV NS

IV bisphosphonate

13
Q

tx adrenal crisis (3)

A

NS or D5NS
4 mg dexamethasone IV bolus
ACTH stimulation test to confirm diagnosis

14
Q

tx pituitary apoplexy (3)

A

high dose steroids
correct electrolytes & glucose
consider surgical decompression of tumor

15
Q

insulin secretagogues OD tx

A

resuscitate, discharge once safe

16
Q

test for diagnosing insulin secretagogue OD

A

positive insulin stimulation test

17
Q

postprandial hypoglycemia test?

A

mixed meal test

18
Q

paresthesias, carpopedal spasm, tetanic seizures, positive Chvostek and Trousseau’s signs, increased QT interval, bradycardia

A

hypocalcemia