Endocrine Notes

Question 1

What is the Endocrine system

Answer 1

collection of glands located throughout the body which assists in hormone homeostasis

Question 2

What is Homeostasis

Answer 2

maintenance of a steady state in the processes of the body

Question 3

What glands are present in the endocrine system

Answer 3

1. Pituitary gland
2. Thyroid Gland
3. Adrenal Gland
4. Gonad
5. Pancreas

Question 4

What is the function of the Pituitary gland

Answer 4

The pituitary is the master gland. It produces hormones and stimulates production/ release of others

Question 5

Where is the Pituitary gland located

Answer 5

Base of Brain

Question 6

Which hormones are secreted by the Pituitary gland

Answer 6

GH
TSH
ACTH
FSH and LH

Question 7

What is GH and what does it do?

Answer 7

Growth Hormone.

It is in charge of bone health, body cells and growth in general

Question 8

What is TSH

Answer 8

Thyroid stimulating hormone.

Question 9

What is ACTH? and what does it do?

Answer 9

Adrenocorticotrophic (adrenal glands)

Stimulates the adrenal glands

Question 10

What is FSH and what does it do?

Answer 10

Follicle stimulating hormone- estrogen in ovary and maturing of sperm in males

Question 11

What is LH and what does it do?

Answer 11

Lutenizing hormone- progesterone production

Question 12

What is a medical condition which is affected by a overactive pituitary gland

Answer 12

Giantism

Question 13

Where is the Thyroid gland located?

Answer 13

Neck

Question 14

What is the function of the thyroid

Answer 14

Regulation of Metabolism

Question 15

What hormones are secreted by the thyroid

Answer 15

Thyroxine

Question 16

What is the abbreviation for thyroxine

Answer 16

T4 also T3 (triiodothyronine)

Question 17

What is hyperthyroidism

Answer 17

The thyroid is working too hard

Question 18

What is Hypothyrodism

Answer 18

The thyroid is not working hard enough

Question 19

Are drugs for Hyper and hypothyroidism interchangeable

Answer 19

no

Question 20

What are two symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Answer 20

muscle weakness

weight loss

Question 21

What are two symptoms of hypothyroidism

Answer 21

poor appetite

cold intolerance

Question 22

Where is the Adrenal gland located

Answer 22

Top of kidneys

Question 23

What is the function of the adrenal glands

Answer 23

reduces inflammation and regulates mineral and H2O

Question 24

What hormones are secreted by the Adrenal Gland

Answer 24

Glucocorticoids

Question 25

What does Glucocorticoids do?

Answer 25

Work on inflammation

Question 26

What diseases are present when the adrenal gland is not functioning properly

Answer 26

1. Addison's (deficiency) 2. Cushing's Cortisol deficiency 3. Hyperaldosteronism- aldosterone(excess)

Question 27

What are Corticosteroids

Answer 27

Natural hormone formed in the adrenal gland

Question 28

What hormones are secreted from the ovaries

Answer 28

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 29

What are the function of the gonads

Answer 29

Responsible for sexual reproduction and physical development

Question 30

What medical conditions are associated with gonads

Answer 30

1. Fertility 2. Menopause 3. Osteoporosis

Question 31

What cycles are BCP available in

Answer 31

21 days and 28 days

Question 32

What is Endometriosis

Answer 32

tissue looks and acts like uterus lining grows outside of uterus

Question 33

What does progesterone help women with

Answer 33

Bone density

Question 34

What are some symptoms of Menopause

Answer 34

Hot flashes and osteoporosis | The cause is less estrogen and progesterone

Question 35

What is osteoporosis

Answer 35

Strength and density of bone decrease.

Question 36

Who is generally affected by Osteoporosis

Answer 36

Mainly women

Question 37

What hormone is produced in the male Gonads

Answer 37

Testosterone

Question 38

What is the function of Male gonads

Answer 38

sexual organ and physical development

Question 39

What is the function of the Pancreas

Answer 39

Regulate blood sugar levels

Question 40

What hormone is secreted by the pancreas

Answer 40

Insulin

Question 41

What medical condition is affected by the pancreas

Answer 41

Diabetes mellitus

Question 42

Where is the pancreas located

Answer 42

below stomach

Question 43

What is Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 43

Hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion and/or effectiveness

Question 44

What are some complications of Diabetes mellitus

Answer 44

``` Ketoacidosis retinopathy nephropathy neuropathy increased risk of heart disease ```

Question 45

What are some causes of Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 45

lifestyle, environmental, genetic

Question 46

what are the different types of diabetes

Answer 46

Type 1 insulin dependent | Type 2 non insulin dependent

Question 47

what are some signs of Diabetes

Answer 47

1. increased thirst and urination 2. blurred vision 3. Skin infections that take long to heal 4. weight loss despite increased food intake 5. may lead to diabetic ketoacidosis and coma

Question 48

what is the feedback loop for insulin

Answer 48

secreted by b-cells with caloric intake

Question 49

What does insulin do

Answer 49

transports glucose from blood to cells