Endocrine Part 2 Miliotic

Question 1

are hydrophilic hormones water soluble?

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

what happens when water-soluble hormones reach the plasma?

Answer 2

Dissolve in plasma

Question 3

can hydrophilic hormones cross the plasma membrane?

Answer 3

no

Question 4

what are examples of hydrophilic hormones?

Answer 4

Peptide hormones, protein hormones, catecholamines

Question 5

what are examples of hydrophobic hormones?

Answer 5

Steroid hormones, thyroid hormones

Question 6

are hydrophobic hormones water soluble?

Answer 6

Not water-soluble

Question 7

can hydrophobic hormones freely cross the plasma membrane, why or why not?

Answer 7

Lipid-soluble, cross-plasma membranes

Question 8

what are steroid hormones made from?

Answer 8

Made from cholesterol

Question 9

How are peptide/protein hormones synthesized and released?

Answer 9

Made in advance

Stored in vesicles

Released by exocytosis

Question 10

how are steroid hormones made?

Answer 10

Synthesized on demand

Question 11

how are steroid hormones released?

Answer 11

Released by diffusion

Question 12

What are amine hormones derived from?

Answer 12

Tryptophan or Tyrosine

Question 13

what are examples of amine hormones and what amino acid are they derived from?

Answer 13

Melatonin from tryptophan, Catecholamines from tyrosine, Thyroid hormones

Question 14

How do peptide/protein hormones travel in the blood and what do they bind to?

Answer 14

Dissolved in plasma

Bind to membrane receptors

Question 15

what is the half-life of peptide/protein hormones?

Answer 15

short

Question 16

How do steroid hormones travel and enter cells?

Answer 16

Bound to carrier proteins

Diffuse into cells or taken up by endocytosis

Question 17

what is the half-life of steroid hormones?

Answer 17

long

Question 18

What stimuli triggers hormone release?

Answer 18

Metabolites (e.g., glucose)
Neurohormones
Neurotransmitters

Question 19

What is the process of synergistic effects in hormones?

Answer 19

Multiple hormones act together for a greater effect

Question 20

what is an example of synergistic effects?

Answer 20

FSH and testosterone on sperm production

Question 21

What is the process of permissive effects in hormones?

Answer 21

One hormone enhances an organ’s response to a later hormone

Question 22

what is an example of permissive effects?

Answer 22

Estrogen prepares the uterus for progesterone

Question 23

What is the process of antagonistic effects in hormones?

Answer 23

One hormone opposes another

Question 24

what is an example of antagonistic effects?

Answer 24

Insulin lowers blood glucose, glucagon raises it