Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Phys exam 3 > Endocrine Pathology > Flashcards

Endocrine Pathology Flashcards

(54 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

neuromuscular symptoms of endocrine disease

A
  • RA
  • Muscle weakness
  • Muscle atrophy
  • Myalgia
  • Fatigue
  • CTS
  • Synovial fluid changes ( Chondrocalcinosis)
  • Periarthritis
  • Spondyloarthropathy
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Arthralgia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

systemic signs AND symptoms of endocrine disease

A
  • Excessive or delayed growth
  • Polydipsia
  • Mental changes
  • Changes in hair
  • Changes in skin pigmentation
  • Changes in distribution of body fat
  • Changes in vital signs
  • Heart palpitations
  • Increased perspiration
  • Kussmaul respiration
  • Dehydration or excess retention of water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Acromegaly

A

disease of adults that develops after epiphyseal plate closure

effects bones of face, jaw, hands, feet

develops slowly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Acromegaly pt should be screened for

A
  • Weakness
  • Changes in joint mobility
  • Poor exercise intolerance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acromegaly clinical manifestations

A
  • Osteophyte formation
  • Widening of joint spaces
  • Chondrocalcinosis
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Thoracolumbar pain from osteophytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens acromegaly Surgical Ablation

A

growth hormone depleted & increases insulin sensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Gigantism

A

develops in children b4 age when epiphyses of bones close

develops abruptly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

effects of gigantism on hormones?

A

as tumor enlarges - stimulating hormones, FSH, LH, & ACTH are LOST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cushing disease

A

over secretion of ACTH by pituitary tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Effects of Cushing disease on body

A
  • overproduction of GH
  • increased prolactin
  • release adrenocortical, thyroid, or sex hormone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hyperpituitarism

A

Acomegly & Gigantism
Cushing’s disease
Amenorrhea & hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hypopituitarism (Dwarfism) effect on Growth Hormone

A

GH deficiency

  • short stature
  • delayed growth
  • delayed puberty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what percent of the anterior pituitary must be destroyed for hypopituitarism to be present?

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Achondroplasia Dwarfism

A
  • large head & short extremities
  • increased bone thickness
  • hypertrophy of soft tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

thyroid gland is responsible for

A

T3/T4
- regulate metabolic rate and protein synthesis

(calcitonin - weak effect on body & tissues)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

thyroid imbalances effect the following tissues

A
  • nails & hair
  • skin
  • eyes
  • GI trat
  • Respiratory tract
  • Cardiovascular system
  • Neural tissue
  • Bone & muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

who is more susceptible to thyroid imbalances

A

women w/ a family history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

excessive hormone secretion = elevation in body metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the most common diseases of Hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease (85%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What physiological effect does Grave’s disease have on the body?

A

Increased metabolism & increased sympathetic activity

  • Tachycardia
  • Increased CO & SV
  • Increased peripheral blood flow
  • Lipid depletion
  • Negative nitrogen balance
  • Nutritional deficiencies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Clinical presentation of Hyperthyroidism

A
  • Abnormal enlargement of thyroid (goiter)
  • Nervousness
  • Heat and exercise intolerance
  • Weight loss
  • Sweating, diarrhea
  • Tremor, palpitation
  • Exophthalmos (bulging eyes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Neuromuscular presentation of Hyperthyroidism

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Chronic periarthritis (calcification of shoulder joint)
  • proximal muscle weakness in 70% of pts
  • diaphragm weakness
23
Q

How does radioiodine affect the thyroid?

Study These Flashcards
A

causes hyperthyroidism

older adults of pt with cardiac disease are pre-treated with antithyroid before receiving this treatment

24
Q

Goiter

Study These Flashcards
A

enlargement of thyroid gland due to :

  • lack of iodine
  • inflammation
  • tumor
25
What is the most common disorder of thyroid function in US & Canada?
Hypothyroidism
26
Hypothyroidism
low thyroid levels ( can be small or goiter depending on cause of disorder) SLOWED metabolism
27
Clinical Presentation OF Hypothyroidism
- Goiter - Decreased GI tract motility - Bradycardia - Slowed neurologic function - Decreased heart function - Elevated cholesterol and triglyceride (CAD) - Fatigue, sensitivity to cold, weight gain, forgetfulness, depression, dry skin or hair
28
more severe version of hypothyroidism
Myxedema
29
Neuromuscular symptoms OF Hypothyroidism
- CTS - proximal weakness - abnormal number of trigger points - DTRs with slowed reaction
30
Musculoskeletal changes OF Hypothyroidism
- non-inflammatory joint effusion - chondrocalcinosis - CPPD disease: pseudogout (spinal stenosis)
31
Myxedema effect on trigger points
any compromise of energy metabolism of the muscle aggravates and perpetuates trigger points
32
Management of myxedema
- medication to increase thyroid hormones - supery - management of atherosclerosis & CAD - exercise
33
Hyperparathyroidism
High Calcium | Low phosphate
34
Physiological effects of Hyperparathyroidism
- Bone damage - Hypercalcemia - Renal damage
35
most common cause of Hyperparathyroidism
parathyroid adenoma is the cause in 95% of cases
36
Bone damage of Hyperparathyroidism
- Calcium leaves bone and goes into blood – hypercalcemia - Calcium loss leads to bone demineralization prone to pathologic fractures & deformity chronic low back pain
37
most affected body parts from Bone damage of Hyperparathyroidism
- Achilles - Triceps - obturator tendons - Hands & wrist (CTS) - shoulder - knees
38
Hypercalcemia of Hyperparathyroidism & its symptoms
High calcium in blood – high calcium in urine – overwhelm renal system causes - abdominal pain - peptic ulcer disease - paraesthesia, muscle cramps, sensory loss
39
Renal damage of Hyperparathyroidism
Nephrocalcinosis (kidney stone) Ca2+ is insoluble in urine and is deposited in the kidney
40
Function of adrenal cortex (very simple kk)
responds to stress
41
Hypoparathyroidism - most significant clinical response
tetany (due to hypocalcemia)
42
how does Hypoparathyroidism spread?
spreads & becomes more severe - painful muscle spasms - laryngospasm - arrhythmias - decrease CO
43
Addison's disease
adrenal insufficiency autoimmune
44
what physiological response occurs during Addison's disease ?
- cortical deficiency | - decreased aldosterone
45
Cortical deficiency effects of Addison's disease ?
- decreased gluconeogenesis - weakness/exhaustion/weight loss - hypotension - INCREASED ACTH and MSH (makes people look tan/bronzed)
46
decreased aldosterone of Addison's disease ?
- Hyponatremia - Dehydration - Hypotension - Circulatory collapse - Hyperkalemia (arrhythmia )
47
Hypercortisolism AKA
Cushing's Syndrome
48
common cause of cushing's syndrome
long-term steroid administration
49
Cushing's Syndrome symptoms/ side effects
- Weakness, osteoporosis - Poor wound healing - Osteonecrosis (femoral head)
50
Clinical Features of Cushing's Syndrome
- Obesity | - Skin: Trophic changes
51
Musculoskeletal system effect on Cushing's Syndrome
- osteoporosis (back pain) - steroid myopathy - HTN
52
secondary characteristics of Cushing's Syndrome
females become verialized (increased facial hair, thinning of scalp hair, acne) men have impotence and decreased libido
53
Physiologic changes of Cushing's Syndrome
- irritability - emotional lability - depression and paranoia
54
Other Causes of Cushing's Syndrome
tumor in adrenal gland | ACTH produced from lung cancer

Phys exam 3 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions