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1 STEP Endocrinology (patho/UW) > Endocrine pharm FA (no insulin) > Flashcards

Endocrine pharm FA (no insulin) Flashcards

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1
Q

what are thionamides?

A

propylthiouracil, methimazole

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1
Q

what inhibits propylthiouracil and methimazole?

A

THYROID PEROXIDASE -> oxidation of iodide, organification, coupling of iodine –> inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis

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2
Q

What additionaly blocks PTU, but not methimazole?

A

5’-deiodinase

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3
Q

what does 5’-deiodinase?

A

peripheral conversion of T4 -> T3

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4
Q

Indication for thionamides?

A

Hyperthyroidism

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5
Q

What medication is used in primary trimester for hyperthyroidism? why?

A

PTU.
methimazole is theratogenic

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6
Q

What medication is used in secondary and tertiary trimester for hyperthyroidism? why?

A

Methimazole.
PTU can cause hepatoxocity

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7
Q

Do thionamides used to treat Graves ophthalmopathy?

A

NO
it is treated with corticosteroids

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8
Q

adverse. Methimazole and pregnancy?

A

Theratogenic. Can cause aplasia cutis

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9
Q

Thionamides - adverse?

A

Maculopapular rashes.
AGRANULOCYTOSIS - buvo UW klausimas
Aplastic anemia
Hepatotoxic (PTU) - incr. transaminases
Methimazole-induced cholestatic jaundice - in first trimester

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10
Q

Why PTU in pregnancy?

A

it is more strongly protein bound, therefore less cross placenta

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11
Q

What is levothyroxine? zymejimas

A

T4

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12
Q

What is liothyronine/trijodtironinas? zymejimas

A

T3

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13
Q

Mechanism of T3 and T4?

A

thyroid hormone replacement

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14
Q

Clinical use of T4 and T3?

A

Hypothyroidism, myxedema.

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15
Q

T4 and T3 can be used to abuse what?

A

abused for weight loss

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16
Q

how to differentiate endogenous and exogenous hyperthyroidism?

A

TSH receptor antibodies, radioactive iodine uptake, blood flow on ultrasound

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17
Q

ADH antagonists?

A

conivaptan, tolvaptan

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18
Q

conivaptan, tolvaptan group?

A

ADH antagonists

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19
Q

Clinical use of ADH antagonists?

A

SIADH

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20
Q

ADH antagonists blocks what?

A

V2 receptors - that are in kidney

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21
Q

Desmopressin clinical use?

A

Central DI, von Willebrand diseases, sleep enuresis, hemophilia A (VIII)

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22
Q

Central DI?

23
Q

von Willebrand disease?

24
Sleep enuresis?
Desmopressin
25
Hemophilia A (VIII)?
Desmopressin
26
GH clinical use?2
GH deficiency, turner syndrome
27
Oxytocin clinical use?
labor induction (stimulates uterine contractions), controls uterine hemorrhage (decrease) elicits milk ejection
28
Oxytocin half life?
5 min
29
Somatostatin analog?
octreotide
30
Somatostatin analog (octreotide) use?
Acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, gastrinoma, esophageal varices
31
Acromegaly?
Somatostatin analog (octreotide)
32
carcinoid syndrome?
Somatostatin analog (octreotide)
33
gastrinoma?
Somatostatin analog (octreotide)
34
esophageal varices?
Somatostatin analog (octreotide)
35
Demeclocycline mechanism?
ADH antagonist (member of tetracycline family)
36
ADH antagonist (member of tetracycline family)?
demeclocycline
37
Demeclocycline use?
SIADH
38
Demeclocycline clinical use?
Nephrogenic DI, photosensitivity, abnormalities of bone and teeth
39
what drug may lead to Nephrogenic DI?
Demeclocycline
40
what drug may lead to photosensitivity?
Demeclocycline
41
what drug may lead to abnormalities of bone and teeth?
Demeclocycline
42
Fludrocortisone group?
Synthetic aldosterone analog WITH LITTLE Glucocorticoid effects
43
Synthetic aldosterone analog WITH LITTLE Glucocorticoid effects?
Fludrocortisone
44
Fludrocortisone use?
Mineralcorticoid replacement in primary adrenal insufficiency
45
Mineralcorticoid replacement in primary adrenal insufficiency?
Fludrocortisone
46
Fludrocortisone adverse?
similar to glucocorticoids. also edema, exacerbation of heart failure, hyperpigmentation
47
adverse: similar to glucocorticoids. also edema, exacerbation of heart failure, hyperpigmentation?
Fludrocortisone
48
Fludrocortisone adverse to skin?
hyperpigmentation
49
Cinacalcet - mechanism?
sensitizes Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) in parathyroid glands to circulating Ca -> decr. PTH
50
what body part is affected by cinacalcet?
parathyroid glands
51
cinacalcet use?
2 hyperparathyroidism in CKF. Hypercalcemia in 1 hyperparathyroidism (if parathyroidectomy fails) In parathyroid carcinoma
52
cinacalcet adverse?
hypocalcemia
53
Sevelamer mechanism?
nonabsorbable phosphate binder that prevents phosphate absorbtion from the GI tract
54
nonabsorbable phosphate binder that prevents phosphate absorbtion from the GI tract?
Sevelamer
55
Sevelamer use?
hyperphosphatemia in CKD
56
sevelamer adverse?
hypophosphatemia, GI upset

1 STEP Endocrinology (patho/UW) (12 decks)

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