Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

wolfpacc > endocrine questions > Flashcards

endocrine questions Flashcards

learn

1
Q

what is necrosis

A

non programed cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is apoptosis

A

programmed cell death NO inflammation cell membrane dissolved first nucleus guides death and destroyed last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is pyknosis

A

nucleus turns into blobs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is karyorrhexis

A

nucleus fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is karyolysis

A

nucleus dissolves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is somatotrope

A

GH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is gonadatrope

A

LH AND FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

WHAT IS THYROTROPE

A

TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

WHAT IS CORTICOTROPE

A

ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

WHAT IS A LACTOTROPE

A

PRL- PROLACTIIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

WHAT RECEPTORS DO PROTEN HORMONS USE

A

cell membrane receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what receptors do steroid hormones use

A

nuclear membrane receptors (except cortisol! - cytoplasmic receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the steroid hormones

A

progesterone, estradiol (E2) testosterone , cortisol, aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what dose endocrine mean

A

secreted into blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what dose exocrine mean

A

secreted into a duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what dose Autocrine mean

A

works on its self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is paracrine

A

works on neighbor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is merocrine

A

cell maintained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is apocrine

A

apex of cell is secreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is holocrine

A

the Whole cell is secreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what organs do not require insulin?

A 
Brin
Rbc
Intestine
Cardiac
Kidneys
Liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the function of GNRH and where is it secreted

A

hipthalmus- Stimulates fsh and LH in anterior pituatery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the function of GHRH and where is it secreted

A

secreted in hipothamus stimulats GH in antior pituatry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the function of CRH

A

stimuate ATCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the function of TRH ?

A

stimulate tsh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the function of PRH ?

A

stimulates prolactin ( PRL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what dose dopamine (DA) do ?

A

inhibits PRL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what dose Somatostine do ?

A

inhibits every thing ! but mainly GH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what dose ADH do and where is it secreted

A

vasoconstriction AND RESERVES WATER secreted in hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what doses Oxytocin do?

A

milk by let down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what dose gh do

A

insulin growth factor-1 IGF-1, release from liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the function of TSH

A

stimulates T3 & T4 from thyroid (T3 active form)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is the function of LH

A

Stimulates Testosterone release from testies in interstitial cells called leydig cells ,stimulates estradiol E2. and progesterone from ovary and releases egg release ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is the function of FSH

A

men stimulates sperm and egg growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is the function of PRL

A

milk production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what is the function of ACTH

A

stimulates cortisol and androgen realize from adrenal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

what is the function if MSH( melanocyte sitmulating hormone ) where is it produced

A

provides skin pigmentation intermediate pituat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what are the stress hormones and when do they appear?

A 
epinephrine (immediately)
glucagon(20)
insulin(30)
ADH(30)
cortisol (2-4)
GH(24hr)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what is diabetes insipidus (DI)

A

too little ADH– polyuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what is central (neurogenic ) diabetes insipidus

A

brain not producing enough or not at all ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

A

ADH receptor V2 aquaporin is blocked or broken,, suspect lithium toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what dose water deprivation test tell you

A

if the patient fails to concentrate ruin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what dose giving ddavp during the water depravation test tell you

A

> 50%increase( central complete DI) 10-50%increase ( central partial dI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what is SIADH

A

too much ADH present causes plasma volume to expand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what is the difference between DI and SIADH

A

DI- dilated urine and SIADH-concentrated urin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what psychogeneic polydipsia

A

pathologic water drinking will have low plasma osmolarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what dose aldosterone do

A

reabsorbs NA and 3 waters and secrets hydrogen and potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what dose atrial nutrition peptide do ?

A

inhibits aldosterone and dilates the afferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what is neuroblastoma

A

adrenal medulla tumor in KIDs. dancing eyes and feet

secrets catecholamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

what is a pheochromocytoma?

A 
adrenal medulla tumor in adults they will have 5 Ps. :palpitations,perspiration,pallor,pressure(htn)
and pain (cephalic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

what are the layers of the adrenal cortex and what do they produce ?

A 
zona glomerulosa( aldosterone )
zona fasiculata (cortisol)
zona reticularis(Adrogens)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

what is conns syndrome ?

A

high aldosterone (primary tumor) **captoprile test makes it worse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

whats does calcitonin do ?

A

inhibits osteoclasts and binds to calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what is multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 ?

A

Wermers 3 Ps:pancreas pituitary and parathyroid adenoma

55
Q

what dose multiple endocrine neoplasia ll do (2A)

A

“sipples “pheocromocytoma, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid and parathyroid adenoma

56
Q

what is multiple endocrine neoplasia lll( 2B)

A

pheocromocytoma, medullary carcinoma of thyroid , mucosal neuroma/marafanoid body

57
Q

what is cck what dose it do ?

A

inhibits gastrin motility and bile realize sitmulates the gallbladder

58
Q

what does cortisol do

A

gluconeogenisis by proteolysis and this skin

59
Q

what is addison disease

A

autoimmune destruction of adrenal cortex, causes hyper pigmentation (looks tan). increased ACTH

60
Q

what is waterhouse fredrichsen syndrome WFS

or hemmorrhagis adrenaline or fluminant meningococcemia

A

adrenal hemmorage most commonly due to meningococcus neisseria meningitis

61
Q

what is cushing syndrome

A

high cholesterol produced from pituitary tumor adrenal tumor small cell CA in lung.

62
Q

what is cushing disease

A

high ACTH due to pituitary tumor

63
Q

if the low dose dexamethasone test surpasses what dose that tell you

A

paitest is either depressed obese or its a normal varient

64
Q

if low dose dexamethasone test does not suppress what dose that tell you

A

paitent has cushing tumor.then do a high dex test next

65
Q

if high dexamethasone test surpasses what dose that tell you

A

pituatary tumor elevated acth

66
Q

if high dexamethasone test dose not suppress what dose that tell you

A

ectopic production of ACTH ( small cell lung) or adrenal ca (high cortizol).

67
Q

what are the survival hormones ?

A

cortizol permissive ( stress) TSH - permissive under normal

68
Q

what does epinefrine do epi

A

drives gluconeogenesis

69
Q

what dose erythropoietin do

A

makes rbc

70
Q

what does gastrin do where is it secreted ?

A

stimulates parental cell to release inartistic factor and H

71
Q

what does GH do

A

stimulates growth sends somatomedin to growth plates gluconeogenesis by proteolysis

72
Q

what is the receptor problem with pygmies

A

patient with no somatomedin receptor

73
Q

what is achondroplasia

A

patient with abnormal fgf receptor in extremities

74
Q

what is acromegaly

A

GH tumor producing increasing igf1: bone growth in adults coarse facial features,large furrowed tongue deep husky voice and jaw protrusion

75
Q

what is gigantism

A

childhood from acromegaly

76
Q

what dose gip do

A

increases insulin action responsible for pos prandial hypoglycemia

77
Q

what does insulin do

A

pushes glucose into the cell and k

78
Q

what is type 1 diabetes

A

anti islet cell antibody, / GAD antibody. coxackie B infection , low insulin ,DKA, polyuria , polydipsia, polyfagia

79
Q

what is type 2 diabetes mellitus

A

insulin receptor insensitivity , honk coma , Acanthosis nigricans

80
Q

how dose DKA present

A

kussmual respiration , fruity breath (acetone) altered mental status

81
Q

what is the dawn phenomenon

A

morning hyperglycemia secondary to GH

82
Q

what is somogyi effect

A

morning hyperglycemia secondary to evening hypoglycemia

83
Q

what is factitious hypoglycemia

A

exogenouse insulin use . labs show elevated insulin and low c peptide

84
Q

what is an insulinoma

A

insulin secreting tumor labs show elevated insulin and c peptide

85
Q

what is an erythrasma

A

rash on skin folds coral red under woods lamp

86
Q

what is metabolic syndrome x

A

pre dm due to htn , dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, Acanthosis nigricans

87
Q

what are the foot ulcer risk factors

A

poor glycemic control, HBA1c >7 smoking , bony abnormality previous ulcers

88
Q

what conditions cause weight gain

A

obesty, hypothyroidism, depression , cushing, anasacra

89
Q

what dose motilin do

A

stimulates segmentation ( primarly peristalis) and migrationg motor complexes

90
Q

what dose PTH do

A

stimulates osteoblast to stimulate osteoclast

91
Q

what dose vitamin d do

A

helps ca reabsorbtion from the gi tract

92
Q

what does parathyroid chief cells secret

A

pth

93
Q

what do stomach chief cells secrete

A

pepsin

94
Q

what is the difference between epinefrin and norepinefrin

A

NE- neurotransmitter , epi : hormone

95
Q

what diagnosis has primary hyperthyroidism

A

parathyroid adenoma

96
Q

what diagnosis has secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

renal failure

97
Q

what is familiar hypocalcemia

A

patients with decreased calcium excretion

98
Q

what disease process is present when both serum ca2 and serum po4 are decreased

A

vit. d deficiency

99
Q

what type of problem is there if serum ca and serum pop change in opposite directions

A

this is a secondary problem

100
Q

what is the most common cause of primary hypoparathyroidism

A

thyroidectomy

101
Q

what is pseudohypoparathyroidins

A

bad kidney pth receptor decreased urinary camp

102
Q

what is pseudo pseudo hypothyroidism

A

g protien defect there is no calcium problem

103
Q

what is hungry bone syndrome

A

removel of path and the bone sucks calcium

104
Q

what dose secretin do

A

secretion of bicarbonate , inhibits gastrin , tighten pyloric sphincter

105
Q

what dose somatostatin do

A

inhibits secretin, motilin, and cck

106
Q

what does t3 and t4 do

A

growth and differentiation

107
Q

what disease has exophthalmos

A

graves disease

108
Q

what disease has enopthalmos

A

horner , marfan

109
Q

what are the hyperthyroid disease

A

graves , plummers,jod-basedow,dequervain, silent thyroiditis

110
Q

what do you see in graves disease

A

exopthalmos , pretibial myxedema, anti tsh receptor antibodys

111
Q

what do you see in dequervain

A

viral origin painful jaw , hypo and hyperthyroid symptoms

112
Q

when do you see in silent thyroiditis

A

post partum paitents

113
Q

when will you see plumbers disease

A

patients with benign adenomas and or patients over 50

114
Q

what is jod-basedow disease

A

transient hyperthyroidism due to increased iodine

115
Q

what are the hypothyroid disease

A

hasimoto , reidel , creatinism, euroid sicks syndrom, wolf chaikoff

116
Q

what is redials syndrome

A

woody connective tissue in neck death due to suffocation . must rule out ca

117
Q

what is cretin

A

mom and baby are hypothyroid they have features in the wrong place , dietary problems

118
Q

what is euthryoid sick syndrom

A

low t3 syndrome , decreased conversion from t3 to t4

119
Q

what is wolf chaikoff

A

transient hypothyroid syndrome

120
Q

what is plumbers syndrom

A

hyperthyroid adenoma

121
Q

what is plummer vinson syndrome

A

esophageal webs

122
Q

what dose the wolffian duct do

A

allows male internal genitalia expression

123
Q

what does testosterone do

A

makes external male genitalia

124
Q

what dose mullerian inhibition factor do

A

inhibits formation of female internal structures

125
Q

what dose thyroid peroxides and thymosin do

A

help t cells mature

126
Q

what do vasoactive intestinal peptide do

A

inhibits secretion motilin and cck opens shincters

127
Q

how does a vipoma present

A

watery diarrhea

128
Q

how does a soma present

A

consitpation

129
Q

what are the hormone disulfide bonds

A

piig .prolactin ,insulin ,inhibin, gh

130
Q

what hormones have the same alpha subunits

A

lh fsh tsh

131
Q

what hormone produce acidophils

A

GAP ; GH, ACIDOPHILS ,GH

132
Q

What hormones produce basophils

A

B flat ; basophils ,FSH,LH,ACTH,TSH

133
Q

WHAT HORMONES ARE RELEASED FROM THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY

A

ADH (supraoptic nucleus) , OXYTOCIN(paraventricular nucleus)

134
Q

WHAT IS SEEN IN HASHIMOTO THYROIDITIS

A

antimicrosomal antibody, and anti tpo antibody

wolfpacc (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions