endocrine system Flashcards
1
Q
endocrine system
- what?
- how?
A
network of glands that manufacture and excrete hormones
- travel via circulatory system (blood)
- slower, lasts longer
- maintains homeostasis
2
Q
pituitary gland
- what?
does what?
A
- master gland controlled by hypothalamus
- sends messages to glands to release hormones
- regulates thirst hunger homeostasis, sex, growth, oxytocin
- growth hormone (giantism, pituitary dwarfism)
3
Q
thyroid gland
- where?
- does what?
- hyper/hypo?
A
- below larynx in neck
- produces thyroxin
- regulates metabolism and energy
- -hyperthyroidism: nervous, excitable, thin
- -hypothyroidism; opposite
4
Q
adrenal glands
- where?
- what?
A
- above kidneys
- fight or flight response
- secrete :
epinephrine (adrenaline)
norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
corticoids (stress + metabolism) - help regulate salt and release some sex hormones
5
Q
pancreas
where?
what?
A
between stomach and small intestine
- insulin and digestive enzymes (diabetes - low insulin high sugar, hypoglycaemia is opposite)
6
Q
thymus
- where
- what
A
below breastbone
t-cells and lymphocytes - immune system
7
Q
sex glands/gonads
A
- activated by pituitary
- reproduction, secondary sex characteristics
- -male H: androgen (mostly testosterone)
- -female H: estrogen + progesterone
