endocrine system

Question 1

endocrine gland

Answer 1

secretes hormones carried by blood

Question 2

exocrine gland

Answer 2

secrete hormones into ducts

Question 3

endocrine glands examples

Answer 3

pituitary
pineal
thyroid
parathyroid
thymus
pancreas
adrenal
ovaries/testes

Question 4

prostaglandins

Answer 4

local effect over nearby nearby cells
lipid type hormone

Question 5

where do hormones travel

Answer 5

bloodstream, to nearby cells, other locations in same cell

Question 6

steroid hormones

Answer 6

fr cholesterol and lipid soluble
transported through blood w carrier protein
can easily diffuse through the cell membrane
can cause changes in dna transcription
come fr: adrenal gland

Question 7

non steroid hormones

Answer 7

use second messengers to enter cell
come fr: hypothalamus, anterior/posterior pitutiary, parathyroid, adrenal, thyroid, pancreas

Question 8

how are hormones regulated

Answer 8

negative feedback

Question 9

growth hormone

Answer 9

somatotropin
regulate body growth, protein synthesis, cellular rep

Question 10

oxytocin

Answer 10

fr pituitary gland
stim uterine contractions and milk to boobs

Question 11

antidiuretic

Answer 11

fr posterior pit
water reabsorbtion
raises blood pressure

Question 12

pituitary gland

Answer 12

anterior and posterior
2 step process: hypothalamus release hormone travel to pit, then anterior release hormone
- growth hormone released in response to hypothalamus

Question 13

what inhibits growth hormone

Answer 13

somatostatin

Question 14

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Answer 14

fr anterior pituitary
stim release cortisol and aldosterone in adrenal cortex

Question 15

aldosterone

Answer 15

increase reabsorption of Na by kidneys
help w blood pressure reg
up water retention
fr anterior pit

Question 16

what does thyroid stimulating hormone do

Answer 16

stim release of T3 and T4
released by anterior pit

Question 17

posterior pituitary

Answer 17

releases hormones made by hypothalamus
release adh and oxytocin

Question 18

hormones involved in calcium regulation

Answer 18

calcitonin and parathyroid

Question 19

calcitonin

Answer 19

fr thyroid gland
decreases blood calcium levels(down osteoclastic activ)

Question 20

parathyroid hormone

Answer 20

fr parathyroid gland
increase calcium lvl and decrease phosphate lvl
stim osteoclastic activ
sim prod vit D

Question 21

hormones involved with blood glucose reg

Answer 21

insulin
glucagon
cortisol
all fr pancreas

Question 22

glucagon

Answer 22

fr alpha cells in pancreas
stim liver convert glycogen to glucose(glycogenolysis)
raise glucose lvls

Question 23

insulin

Answer 23

fr beta cells in pancreas
decrease glucose lvl
stim liver store glucose as glycogen
inhibit gluconeogenesis

Question 24

somatostatin

Answer 24

fr delta cell
inhibit glucagon and insulin sec

Question 25

cortisol

Answer 25

fr adrenal cortex increase glucose lvl by stim liver convert non carb to glucose (gluconeogenesis)

Question 26

pineal gland

Answer 26

release melatonin reg sleep wake cycle and menstrual cycle

Question 27

type 1 diabetes

Answer 27

characterized by absence of insulin juvenile diabetes immune system attack insulin producing cells

Question 28

type 2 diabetes

Answer 28

body does not produce enough insulin or is resistant to insulin