Endocrine System

Question 0

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 0

Intersection of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 1

Adrenal cortex

Answer 1

Outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

Question 2

Ovaries

Answer 2

Located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for and production and estrogen and progesterone secretion

Question 3

Pancreas

Answer 3

Located behind the stomach. Islet secrete hormones from the pancreas. The pancreas also contains cells that are exocrine function. They secrete enzymes, via a duct into the small intestine to aid digestion

Question 4

Parathyroid glands

Answer 4

Four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland

Question 5

Adrenaline

Answer 5

Secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

Question 6

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 6

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Stimulates the adrenal cortex

Question 7

aldosterone

Answer 7

Secreted by adrenal cortex; increases salt reabsorption

Question 8

Androgen

Answer 8

Male hormone secreted by the testes and to a lesser extent by the adrenal cortex

Question 9

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 9

Secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Increases reabsorption of water by the kidney

Question 10

Calcitonin

Answer 10

Secreted by the thyroid gland; decreases blood calcium levels

Question 11

Cortisol

Answer 11

Secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar. Secreted in times of stress and has an anti-inflammatory effect

Question 12

Estradiol

Answer 12

Estrogen secreted by the ovaries

Question 13

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 13

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. FSH stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries and sperm production by the testes

Question 14

Glucagon

Answer 14

Secreted by Alpha islet cells of the pancreas; increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen to glucose

Question 15

Growth hormone; somatotropin

Answer 15

Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues

Question 16

Insulin

Answer 16

Secreted by the beta islet cells of the pancreas. Insulin helps glucose to pass into cells, and it promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen

Question 17

Luteinizing hormone

Answer 17

Anterior lobe on the pituitary gland; stimulate ovulation and females and testosterone secretion of males

Question 18

Norepinephrine

Answer 18

Secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

Question 19

Parathormone

Answer 19

Increases blood calcium

Question 20

Thyroid stimulating hormone is also known as

Answer 20

Thyrotropin

Question 21

Thyroxine

Answer 21

also called tetraiodothyronine. Increases metabolism in cells

Question 22

Triiodothyronine

Answer 22

Secreted by thyroid gland; increases metabolism in cells

Question 23

Vasopressin

Answer 23

ADH

Question 24

Catecholamines

Answer 24

Hormones derive from an amino acid and secreted by adrenal medulla. E.G. Epinephrine

Question 25

Corticosteroid

Answer 25

Hormones produced by the adrenal cortex

Question 26

Electrolyte

Answer 26

Mineral salts found in the blood and tissues and necessary for proper functioning of cells

Question 27

Glucocorticoid

Answer 27

secreted by the adrenal cortex; regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism. Cortisol raises blood sugar is part of stress response

Question 28

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 28

Overactivity of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis

Question 29

Most common form of hyperthyroidism

Answer 29

Graves' disease

Question 30

Hypothyroidism

Answer 30

Under activity of the thyroid gland

Question 31

Advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood

Answer 31

Myxedema

Question 32

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 32

Excessive production of parathormone

Question 33

Hypoparathyroidism

Answer 33

Deficient production of parathyroid hormone

Question 34

Results of hypoparathyroidism

Answer 34

Hypocalcemia | Tetany

Question 35

Cushing syndrome

Answer 35

Group of signs and symptoms produced by excess cortisol from the adrenal cortex

Question 36

Symptoms of Cushing syndrome

Answer 36

Obesity, increase cortisol secretion, moonlike fullness of the face, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, osteoporosis, hypertension

Question 37

Addison disease

Answer 37

Hypo functioning of the adrenal cortex

Question 38

Diabetes mellitus

Answer 38

Lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

Question 39

What type of disease is type one diabetes?

Answer 39

Autoimmune

Question 40

When does type one diabetes usually occur?

Answer 40

Before age 30

Question 41

Symptoms of type one diabetes mellitus

Answer 41

Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia

Question 42

Treatment for type one diabetes

Answer 42

Insulin

Question 43

When does type two diabetes mellitus usually occur?

Answer 43

After age 30

Question 44

Treatment for type two diabetes mellitus

Answer 44

Diet; oral hypoglycemics or insulin

Question 45

Secondary complications of diabetes mellitus

Answer 45

Diabetic retinopathy | Diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis, diabetic neuropathy

Question 46

Acromegaly

Answer 46

Hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary after puberty, leading to enlargement of extremities

Question 47

Gigantism

Answer 47

Hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues

Question 48

Dwarfism

Answer 48

Congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone; hypopituitary dwarfism

Question 49

Panhypopituitarism

Answer 49

Deficiency of all pituitary hormones

Question 50

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 50

Insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone

Question 51

Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex causes

Answer 51

Adrenal virilism and Cushing syndrome

Question 52

Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex causes

Answer 52

Addison disease

Question 53

Hypersecretion of adrenal medulla causes

Answer 53

Pheochromocytoma (benign tumor of adrenal medulla)

Question 54

Hypersecretion of pancreas causes

Answer 54

Hyperinsulinism

Question 55

Hyposecretion of pancreas causes

Answer 55

Diabetes mellitus

Question 56

Radioactive iodine uptake scan

Answer 56

used to image and assess thyroid function