Endocrine System

Question 1

Glycogen is converted into…?

Answer 1

Glucose due to glucagon

Question 2

What is glucose stores as?

Answer 2

Glycogen via the secretion of insulin

Question 3

Which region of the adrenal gland is responsible for producing aldosterone?

Answer 3

Cortex

Question 4

Which region of the adrenal gland is responsible for producing adrenaline?

Answer 4

Medulla

Question 5

Provide the function of glucagon:

Answer 5

Increases the level of sugar in the blood

Question 6

Provide the function of insulin:

Answer 6

Reduces the level of sugar in the blood

Question 7

Provide the function of oestrogen:

Answer 7

Repairs the endometrium
Make it more vascular

Question 8

Provide the function of progesterone:

Answer 8

Makes the endometrium thicker and more vascular
Maintains the endometrium

Question 9

Name the structure that produces progesterone

Answer 9

Corpus luteum

Question 10

Name the structure that produces oestrogen

Answer 10

Graafian follicle

Question 11

What hormone is produced by the testes?

Answer 11

Testosterone

Question 12

What hormone keeps the smooth muscles of the uterus relaxed during pregnancy

Answer 12

Progesterone

Question 13

Which hormone promotes cyclic changes in the endometrium?

Answer 13

Progesterone

Question 14

What hormone produced by the ovaries is responsible for secondary sex characteristics?

Answer 14

Oestrogen

Question 15

What two hormones do the ovaries produce?

Answer 15

Oestrogen and progesterone

Question 16

What gland is attached to the uterus?

Answer 16

Ovaries

Question 17

Which hormone causes reabsorption of sodium ions?

Answer 17

Aldosterone

Question 18

What hormone does the adrenal gland secrete?

Answer 18

Aldosterone and adrenaline

Question 19

Adrenaline:

Answer 19

Fight or flight
Prepares body to deal with emergency

Question 20

Function of adrenal gland (aldosterone):

Answer 20

Causes reabsorption of sodium ions
Vital for osmoregulation
Cortisol increases boys resistance to stress,also anti-inflammatory

Question 21

Islets of Langerhans:

Answer 21

Alpha cells: glucagon (glucose increases)
Beta cells: insulin (glucose decreases) negative feedback affect on each other

Question 22

Pancreas function:

Answer 22

Both endocrine and exocrine gland
Endocrine- islets of langerhans
Exocrine- pancreatic duct

Question 23

What is the pancreas attached to?

Answer 23

Small intestine

Question 24

Thyroid issues:

Answer 24

Hypothyroidism
Adults: myxedema
Children: cretinism

Hyperthyroidism
High metabolic rate

Question 25

Thyroid function:

Answer 25

Maintained the normal functioning of the heart and neutrons

Question 26

What does the thyroid increase?

Answer 26

Basal metabolic rate

Question 27

What does the thyroid secrete?

Answer 27

Thyroxin

Question 28

What gland is below the larynx?

Answer 28

Thyroid

Question 29

What is the butterfly shaped gland on the trachea below the larynx?

Answer 29

Thyroid

Question 30

Hypo-secretion of pituitary gland

Answer 30

Underdevelopment of skeleton
Pituitary dwarfism

Question 31

Hyper secretion in pituitary gland:

Answer 31

In children: overdevelopment of skeleton
In adults: acromegaly

Question 32

Pituitary gland chemical coordination:

Answer 32

TSH - thyroid gland - thyroxin
FSH - ovary - ovum
Testes - sperm
LH - ovary - ovulation
Prolactin - mammary gland - breast milk
ACTH - adrenal gland - cortisone and aldosterone
ICSH - testes - testosterone
GH - skeleton and muscles - growth

Question 33

What is the pituitary gland attached to?

Answer 33

Hypothalamus

Question 34

What is the name of the receptors in the hypothalamus that detect low water levels?

Answer 34

Osmoreceptors

Question 35

What do osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect?

Answer 35

Water levels

Question 36

What does the hypothalamus secrete?

Answer 36

ADH

Question 37

Where is the hypothalamus located?

Answer 37

Above the pituitary gland