Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine system function

Answer 1

The endocrine system regulates how much of each hormone is released

Question 2

Effector is

Answer 2

something that performs the action

Question 3

Melatonin is produced by

Answer 3

pineal gland

Question 4

Melatonin also:

Answer 4

makes you sleepy, reduces cell damage that can lower the risk of cancer and heart disease, and combats diabetes and obesity.

Question 5

Melatonin sleep cycle:

Answer 5

teenagers secretion at 11pm, adults at 9pm, melatonin stops at 730 for adults, 9 30 for teenagers

Question 6

Hormones are created by:

Answer 6

organs called glands

Question 7

Hormones are released and delivered:

Answer 7

through and into the bloodstream

Question 8

Hormones send:

Answer 8

different signals to the body

Question 9

Specific receptors are:

Answer 9

in specific places and are usually close to the receptor

Question 10

Nervous system sends messages:

Answer 10

quick but short lasting, endocrine is slower but very long lasting

Question 11

Exocrine glands:

Answer 11

send messages outside the body

Question 12

Pineal gland location

Answer 12

Brain

Question 13

Pituitary gland location

Answer 13

Brain (below hypothalamus)

Question 14

Thyroid Glands location

Answer 14

neck

Question 15

Adrenal glands location

Answer 15

On top of both kidneys

Question 16

Pancreas gland location

Answer 16

Behind the stomach

Question 17

Testicle location

Answer 17

Below the penis in the scrotum

Question 18

Ovaries location

Answer 18

left and right side of the uterus

Question 19

Some hormones act

Answer 19

general (all cells) or specific effects (certain organs)

Question 20

hypothalamus location

Answer 20

brain

Question 21

parathyroid location

Answer 21

neck, makes calcium

Question 22

thymus location,

Answer 22

in the chest between the lungs

Question 23

Hormones are

Answer 23

secreted in very small quantities

Question 24

Hormones have a specific chemical

Answer 24

structure and shape that chemically fit onto receptors so they do not trigger the wrong receptors

Question 25

The endocrine system is coordinated

Answer 25

coordinated by the pituitary gland which responds to hypothalamus

Question 26

Hypothalamus...

Answer 26

constantly checks the internal environment, if the conditions change the hypothothalamus respodns (temperature, metabolism, water content).

Question 27

How does body respond to high and low temperature (veins)

Answer 27

dilating vessels (cold air) to increase heat loss and contract (hot air) to decrease heat loss

Question 28

When low temperature (skin)

Answer 28

goosebumps are created and hairs stand up on end

Question 29

homeostasis

Answer 29

The process of maintaining constant internal environment

Question 30

feedback system

Answer 30

a response within a system that influences the continued activity or productivity of that system

Question 31

Duiretic

Answer 31

causing increased passing of urine

Question 32

Low water content level

Answer 32

Hypothalamus detects little water in blood, message is sent to pituitary gland to start production or increase production of ADH

Question 33

High water content level

Answer 33

Detects High levels, stop ADH production, low levels of a ADH going to kidneys, little water absorbed back into the blood, large uncontentrated urine

Question 34

Ectotherm

Answer 34

body temperature changes with the temperature of the environment. cannot maintain body temperature

Question 35

Endotherm

Answer 35

Internally generated heat to maintain body temperature

Question 36

Negative feedback

Answer 36

Variable triggers a counteractive response to maintain homeostasis

Question 37

Positive feedback

Answer 37

Variable triggers a response that reinforces the change detected

Question 38

Hypothalamus acts on the

Answer 38

pituitary gland which acts on the thyroid gland

Question 39

Thyroxine triggers increased metabolism which

Answer 39

generates more heat and warms the body

Question 40

Endoctine system does not have immediate

Answer 40

immediate control over body temperature

Question 41

Body temperature is both controlled by the

Answer 41

nervous and endocrine systems

Question 42

Hypothalamus when cold sends out

Answer 42

nerve impulses around vital organs to begin small contraction and shaking in these muscles.

Question 43

Shivering effect

Answer 43

increases activity of muscle cells, producing heat and raising body temperature

Question 44

If temperature is too low (blood flow)

Answer 44

the blood flow is reduced further and you can lose feeling in them.

Question 45

Glucose decrease

Answer 45

pancreas releases glucagon which triggers the liver to break down glycogen and release glucose

Question 46

Glucose too high

Answer 46

pancreas releases insulin making ebody cells take up glucose and liver store as glycogen

Question 47

What two major systems are used to achieve homeostasis

Answer 47

Nervous and endocrine