Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

VP Vet Term > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

integrated network of multiple organs derived from different embryologic origins that release hormones ranging from small peptides to glycoproteins, which exert their effects either in neighboring or distant target cells

A

Endocrine System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is responsible for coordinating and integrating cellular activity within the whole body?

A

Endocrine System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Endocrine system is controlled by?

A

1) Hormones delivered through circulation
2) Hormones produced locally
3) By direct neuroendocrine stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 3 components make up the core of the endocrine system?

A

Endocrine glands
Hormones
Target organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ductless glands that secrete hormones to interstitial space to reach circulation

A

Classical Endocrine Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

These are not anatomically connected and are scattered throughout the body

A

Classical Endocrine Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Communication among different organs is done by release of hormones or neurotransmitters

A

Classical Endocrine Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 9 classical endocrine glands?

A

hypothalamus, pinneal, parathyroid, thyroid, adrenal, ovarian, testicle, pancreas, hypophysis (adeno & neuro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the nonclassical endocrine glands?

A

heart, intestines, kidney, placenta, adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chemical properties released in very small amounts that exert a biological action on a target cell

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Can act in distant sites or locally

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 6 types of chemical messengers?

A

neurotransmitter, endocrine hormones, neuroendocrine hormones, paracrines, autocrines, cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are released by AXON TERMINALS of NEURONS into the synaptic junctions and act locally to control NERVE functions

A

Neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are released by GLANDS or specialized cells into the circulating blood and influence the function of target cells at ANOTHER LOCATION in the body

A

Endocrine hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acetylcholine and Dopamine

A

Neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Insulin and Cortisol

A

Endocrine hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Are secreted by NEURON stimulation into the circulating blood and influence the function of target cells at ANOTHER LOCATION in the body

A

Neuroendocrine hormones

18
Q

ADH, TSH, Epinephrine

A

Neuroendocrine hormones

19
Q

Are secreted by cells into the extracellular fluid and affect NEIGHBORING target cells of a DIFFERENT type

A

Paracrines

20
Q

Fibroblast growth factor

A

Paracrines

21
Q

Are secreted by cells into extracellular fluid and affect the function of the SAME cell

A

Autocrines

22
Q

IL-6 in cancer and IL-1 in monocytes

A

Autocrines

23
Q

Are peptides secreted by cells into extracellular fluid and can function as autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine hormone (immune cells)

A

Cytokines

24
Q

Interleukins, released from T helper cells

A

Cytokines

25
Q

Are synthesized as a larger molecule (pre-hormone) inside the golgi apparatus and packaged into secretory granules awaiting secretion

A

Peptide hormone or structure protein

26
Q

Circulate unbound in the blood

A

Structure protein or peptide hormone, and Amines

27
Q

bind to receptors in the cell membrane (hormone-receptor complex activate a second messenger)

A

Structure protein or peptide hormone

28
Q

Are derived from the amino acid TYROSINE (hydrophilic)

A

Amines

29
Q

bind to cell membrane or nuclear receptor

A

Amines

30
Q

Are derived from CHOLESTEROL

A

Steroid hormones

31
Q

Are produced by adrenal cortex, gonads, and placenta (ex. cortisol, aldosterone, progesterone, testosterone)

A

Steroid hormones

32
Q

Are transported by proteins (lipophilic; ex. albumin)

A

Steroid hormones

33
Q

Bind to intracellular receptors (enter cells by diffusion and bind to receptors in cytosol or nucleus)

A

Steroid hormones

34
Q

What are the 2 types of hormone transport?

A

Free or unbound form

Bound to carrier proteins

35
Q

Hormone Transport: free/unbound

A

active
bind to receptor
exert the biological effects

36
Q

Hormone Transport: bound to carrier protein

A

serve as circulating reservoirs (replenish the concentration of free hormones)
liver is responsible for production of most of the proteins

37
Q

Organ that contains cells that express hormone specific receptors and that respond to hormone binding by a demonstration biologic response

A

Target organ

38
Q

Cell surface receptors (used by peptide and amine hormones)

A

Hormone receptors

39
Q

Intracellular receptors (cytoplasmic, nuclear) used by steroid hormones, thyroid, retinoid hormones, and vitamin D

A

Hormone receptors

40
Q

Rate of the removal of the hormone from the blood

A

Hormone clearance

41
Q

Hormone clearance is done in 4 ways. What are they?

A
  1. metabolic destruction of tissues
  2. binding with tissues
  3. excretion by liver into bile
  4. excretion by kidney into urine

VP Vet Term (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions