Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine system

Answer 1

• Ductless system

- non-localized response

Question 2

Hormones that are proteins

Answer 2

Insulin and prolactin

Question 3

Hormones which are peptide chains

Answer 3

Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

Question 4

Steroid hormones

Answer 4

• Cholesterol derivatives

- Testosterone & estradiol

Question 5

Catecholamines

Answer 5

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 6

What is known as the master gland?

Answer 6

Pituitary gland

Question 7

what connects the pituitary to the hypothalamus ?

Answer 7

Infundibulum

Question 8

Subdivisions of the pituitary

Answer 8

Neurohypophysis and the adenohypophysis

Question 9

divisions of the neurohypophysis

Answer 9

pars nervosa, infundibular stalk, and median eminence

Question 10

Posterior lobe of the neurohypophysis

Answer 10

Pars nervosa

Question 11

Hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis

Answer 11

Oxytocin & antidiuretic hormone

Question 12

subdivisions of the adenohypophysis

Answer 12

pars distalis, pars intermedia, and pars tuberalis

Question 13

Anterior lobe of the pituitary

Answer 13

par distalis

Question 14

what secretes tropic hormones

Answer 14

Adenohyophysis

Question 15

Cell types in the pars distills

Answer 15

• Lactropic cells
• thyrotropic
• somatotropic
• coricotrophic
• gonadotropic

Question 16

Lactotropic

Answer 16

Secretes prolactin

Question 17

Thyrotropic cells

Answer 17

secretes thyroid stimulating hormones

Question 18

Somatotropic cells

Answer 18

secrete growth hormone

Question 19

corticotropin cells

Answer 19

Secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone & melanocyte-simulating hormone

Question 20

Gonadotropic cells

Answer 20

secrete follicle stipulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Question 21

Classification of cells of the anterior pituitary

Answer 21

acidophils or basophils

Question 22

Acidophils

Answer 22

• Somatortophic & lactotropic

- secretes growth hormone and prolactin

Question 23

Basophils

Answer 23

• gonadotropic cells, corticotropic cells and thyrotropic cells.
• secrete FSH, LH, ACTH, and TSH.

Question 24

Pineal gland

Answer 24

-Secretes melatonin

Question 25

Cells of the pineal glands

Answer 25

Pinealocytes

Question 26

'brain sand"

Answer 26

Corpora arenacea

Question 27

Corpora arenacea

Answer 27

calcification seen in the pineal gland

Question 28

Thyroid gland

Answer 28

-secretes the thyroid hormones and calcitonin

Question 29

Cells of the thyroid

Answer 29

follicular cells and parafollicular cells

Question 30

C-cells

Answer 30

- Parafollicular cells | - secrete calcinin

Question 31

Parathyroid

Answer 31

contains two cell types : principal and oxyphyil cells

Question 32

Pancreas

Answer 32

-both endocrine and exocrine

Question 33

Endocrine portion of the pancreas

Answer 33

-Housed in the islets of langergans

Question 34

Islets of langerhans

Answer 34

-most numerous in the tail of pancreas | contains alpha, beta and delta cells

Question 35

Alpha cells

Answer 35

secretes glucagon

Question 36

Beta cells

Answer 36

Secretes insulin

Question 37

Delta cells

Answer 37

secretes somatostatin

Question 38

Acini

Answer 38

exocrine portion of the pancreas

Question 39

Adrenal glands

Answer 39

-composed of the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla

Question 40

layers of the adrenal cortex

Answer 40

zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona reticularis

Question 41

Name the products of the layers of the adrenal cortex

Answer 41

zona glomerulosa=principle products zona fasciculata=glycocorticoids zona reticularis = sex steroids

Question 42

cells of the adrenal medulla

Answer 42

Chromaffin cells

Question 43

What do chromatin cells secrete ?

Answer 43

They secrete the catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine).

Question 44

Sertoli cells

Answer 44

- produce inhibin and androgen-binding protein | - sustentacular cells or nurse cells

Question 45

The interstitial cells of Leydig

Answer 45

-produce testosterone

Question 46

Ovary

Answer 46

Secrete estrogen and progesterone

Question 47

Placenta

Answer 47

Secretes human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 48

Thymus

Answer 48

Produces thymosin

Question 49

Stomach

Answer 49

- Produces gastrin | - gastrin stimulates the production of HCl and pesin

Question 50

Small intestines

Answer 50

-secretin and CCK produces here

Question 51

Secretin

Answer 51

-stimuates the pancreas to produce bicarbonate

Question 52

CCK

Answer 52

Stimulates gallbladder contraction and the pancreas to secrete digestive enzyme

Question 53

Heart

Answer 53

Specialized cells produce atrial natriiuretic hormone, or atriopeptin.