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Lab Final Reproductive system flash cards > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

Organs and tissues and the hormones they produce

1
Q

What is the second major control system of the body

A

Endocrine system

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2
Q

What is the difference between the endocrine system and nervous system?

A

Endocrine system uses chemical impulses, hormones

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3
Q

arouses the body tissue and cells by stimulating changes in their metabolic activity. This includes growth, development, and physiological homeostasis

A

Hormones

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4
Q

can be steriods or amino acid based molecules

A

hormones

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5
Q

How does a hormone travel?

A

Through the blood

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6
Q

Cells within an organ that respond to a certain hormone

A

Target cells

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7
Q

Two functional lobes of the pituitary

A

adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis

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8
Q

anterior pituitary

A

adenohypophysis

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9
Q

stalk attaching the pituitary to the hypothalamus

A

neurohypophhysis

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10
Q

Which part of the pituitary secretes the 4 tropic hormones?

A

Anterior pituitary

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11
Q

Hormones that have other endocrine glands as their target

A

Tropic hormones

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12
Q

Is the posterior pituitary an endocrine gland?

A

No

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13
Q

Why is the posterior pituitary not considered an endocrine gland?

A
  1. It does not synthesize the hormones it releases. 2. it acts as a storage area for two neurohormones transpported to it
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14
Q

What are the tropic hormones of the pituitary gland?

A
  1. Thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh). 2. follicle stimulating hormone ( FSH). 3. Luetenizing hormone (LH) 4. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
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15
Q

TSH target gland

A

Thyroid gland

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16
Q

TSH effects

A

Stimulation of thyroid hormones

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17
Q

Target of follicle stimulating hormone

A

Ovaries and testes

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18
Q

Effects of FSH

A

Ovaries- stimulates ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen production. Testes- Stimulates sperm production

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19
Q

Target cell of LH

A

Ovaries and testes

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20
Q

Effects of LH

A

Stimulates ovulation and triggers ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone. Males- Stimulates testosterone production

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21
Q

Target of ACTH

A

Adreneal cortex

22
Q

Effects of ACTH

A

Stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and androgens

23
Q

Non tropic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland

A

Growth hormone (GH) and Prolactin (PRL)

24
Q

Target organs of growth hormone

A

liver, muscle bone, and cartilage

25
Effects of growth hormone
Stimulates body growth and protein synthesis. mobilizes fat and conserves glucose.
26
Target organs of prolactin
Mammary glands of breast
27
Effects of prolactin
Stimulates milk production
28
Hormones stored by posterior pituitary gland
oxcytocin and antidiarectic hormone
29
Target of antidiretic hormone
kidney
30
Target of ocytocin
Uterus, mammary glands
31
What is the small cone shaped gland located in the third ventricle of the brain?
pineal gland
32
What is the major endocrine product of the pineal gland?
Melatonin
33
composed of two lobes joined by a central mass, or isthmus located in the throat, just inferior the larynx
Thyroid gland
34
found embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland typically, two small oval glands on each lobe, but there may be more located in other regions of the neck
parathyroid glands
35
Hormone of the thyroid gland
thyroxine and tridothyronine often reffered to as TH. Calcitonin
36
Effects of thyroid hormone
increase BMR, regulates tissue growth and development
37
Target of TH
Most cells of the body
38
Target of calcitonin
Bones
39
parathyroid gland hormone
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
40
Target of parathyroid hormone
bones and kidneys
41
Where are the adrenal glands located
Above the kidney
42
develops from neural crest tissue and is directly controlled by the sympathetic nervous system
adrenal medulla
43
how do medullary cells respond to stimulation? What hormones do they release?
The release epinephrin(80%) and norepinephrin (20%)
44
located behind the stomach, close to the small intestine?
The pancreas .
45
Produces digestive enzymes as well as insulin and glucagon, important hormones concerned with the regulation of blood sugar levels
Pancreas
46
When do the gonads have both exocrine and endocrine functions?
After puberty
47
What are the pancreas hormones?
Glucagon and insulin
48
What is the major endocrine product of the pineal gland
melatonin
49
Produces several different families of peptide hormones
Thymus
50
Peptide hormones produced by the thymus
thymulin thymosins thymopoietins

Lab Final Reproductive system flash cards (9 decks)

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