Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine System

Answer 1

System that integrates and controls organ function via secretion of hormones which influence activity in target organs distal from site of hormone synthesis

Question 2

Hormone

Answer 2

Chemical messengers secreted into the blood.
Exert effects at very low concentration.
Action terminated often via -ve feedback loops.

Question 3

Neurohormone

Answer 3

Hormone produced by nerve cells

Question 4

Endocrine communication mechanism

Answer 4

Hormones secreted into the blood and carried to distant target sites.

Question 5

Neuroendocrine mechanism

Answer 5

Nerves release neurohormones into blood

- E.g. hypothalamic-posterior pituitary axis

Question 6

Different tissue responses to same hormone

- Insulin example

Answer 6

Skeletal muscle/adipose tissue
- Increased glucose uptake

Liver

• Increased glycogenesis
• Decreased gluconeogenesis

Question 7

Autocrine communication mechanism

Answer 7

Cells secrete chemicals that bind to receptors of the same cell.

Question 8

Paracrine communication mechanism

Answer 8

Chemicals diffuse in ECF to affect neighbouring cells.