Endocrine System Hormones

Question 1

What is TRH and what does it stimulate and where?

Answer 1

Thyrotropin releasing-hormone and promotes TSH secretion in the anterior pituitary gland

Question 2

What is CRH, and what and where does it stimulate?

Answer 2

corticotrophin releasing hormone - promotes ACTH secretion in the anterior pituitary

Question 3

What is GnRH and what and where does it stimulate?

Answer 3

gonadotrophin-releasing hormone - promotes secretion of FSH and LH in the anterior pituitary gland

Question 4

What is PRH and what and where does it stimulate?

Answer 4

prolactin-releasing hormone and promotes secretion of PRL in the anterior pituitary gland

Question 5

What is PIH and what and where does it stimulate?

Answer 5

prolactin inhibiting hormone - inhibits PRL secretion in the anterior pituitary gland

Question 6

What is GHRH and what and where does it stimulate?

Answer 6

growth hormone releasing factor - promotes GH secretion in the anterior pituitary gland

Question 7

What does somatostatin do?

Answer 7

Inhibits GH and TSH secretion in the anterior pituitary gland

Question 8

What are the two hormones that travel hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract to the posterior pituitary gland?

Answer 8

oxcytocin and ADH

Question 9

What is humoral release?

Answer 9

when hormones are released because of changing blood levels of certain ions and nutrients

Question 10

What is neural release?

Answer 10

nerve fibers stimulate hormone release

Question 11

What is hormonal release?

Answer 11

glands release hormones in response to hormones from other glands

Question 12

What are the endocrine glands?

Answer 12

pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal

Question 13

What is the neuroendocrine organ?

Answer 13

hypothalamus

Question 14

What are the endocrine organs?

Answer 14

pancreas, gonads, thymus, and placenta

Question 15

What are steroid hormones made of?

Answer 15

cholesterol

Question 16

Which hormones are unbound?

Answer 16

amino acid based - hydrophilic

Question 17

Which hormones are pound?

Answer 17

steroid - hydrophobic so they need protein transporters

Question 18

Which type of hormones uses a second messenger system?

Answer 18

lipid insoluble or AA based hormones

Question 19

Which hormone clears the fastest?

Answer 19

water soluble (AA)

Question 20

Where is the hypophyseal portal system located and what does it do?

Answer 20

Anterior pituitary and is a network of capillaries that brings hormones from the hypothalamus

Question 21

Where is the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract and what does it do?

Answer 21

posterior pituitary gland and is bundles of nerves that come from the hypothalamus

Question 22

What connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus?

Answer 22

infundibulum

Question 23

How many releasing and inhibiting hormones does the anterior pituitary have?

Answer 23

5 releasing and 2 inhibiting

Question 24

What are the functions of thyroid hormones?

Answer 24

increase basal metabolic rate, regulates tissue growth and development, maintains BP by increasing # of adrenergic receptors in blood vessels

Question 25

What does calcitocin do?

Answer 25

secrete calcium

Question 26

What does parathyroid hormone do?

Answer 26

helps get calcium into blood when it is low

Question 27

What does the adrenal medulla release?

Answer 27

epi and norepi

Question 28

What does the renal cortex produce?

Answer 28

steroid hormones

Question 29

What cells secrete glucagon?

Answer 29

alpha cells

Question 30

What secretes insulin?

Answer 30

beta cells

Question 31

What is somatostatin?

Answer 31

hormone secreted by delta cells after eating

Question 32

What hormones does the pineal gland produce?

Answer 32

serotonin and melatonin

Question 33

What do the hormones of the thymus do?

Answer 33

regulate development and activation of WBCs

Question 34

What is acromegaly?

Answer 34

hyper-secretion of GH in adults