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BIO 192 > Endocrine Terms > Flashcards

Endocrine Terms Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

ACTH

A

produced by the anterior pituitary, stimulates the release of cortisol

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2
Q

Adipose

A

produces leptin

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3
Q

Adrenal Gland

A

produces sex hormones (FSH & LH), releases adrenaline, and produces cortisol

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4
Q

ADH

A

produced in the hypothalamus. stored in the posterior pituitary, retains water to restore electrolyte balance.

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5
Q

Calcitonin

A

secreted by the Thyroid, lowers blood calcium

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6
Q

Calcitriol

A

produced in the kidneys, prevents loss of calcium

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7
Q

Cortisol

A

regulates metabolism and immune response, made/secreted in the adrenal cortex

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8
Q

epinephrine

A

increases the body’s fight or flight response, produced/secreted from the adrenal medulla

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9
Q

erythropoietin (EPO)

A

produced and secreted from the kidney, helps to produce RBCs.

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10
Q

estrogen

A

regulates menstrual cycle and other aspects specific to women, mainly produced/secreted in the ovaries

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11
Q

FSH & LH

A

aid in gonadal function, produced and secreted by the pituitary

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12
Q

Ghrelin

A

produced and released by the stomach, “hunger hormone”

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13
Q

glucagon

A

controls BS levels (mainly bringing them down), produced and released by the pancreas

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14
Q

GH

A

produced and secreted from the pituitary, GH stimulates growth, bone length and muscle strength

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15
Q

Hypersecretion

A

when excess of a hormone is secreted from a gland

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16
Q

Hyposecretion

A

when not enough hormone is secreted from a gland

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17
Q

Hypophyseal portal system

A

a network of blood vessels that connects the hypothalamus and the pituitary

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18
Q

hypothalamus

A

coordinates ANS & function of the pituitary, hormone center

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19
Q

infundibulum

A

the stalk that connects the hypothalamus and the pituitary

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20
Q

insulin

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A

promotes the absorption of glucose, produced and secreted by the pancreas

21
Q

kidneys

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A

get rid of toxins in the blood and turn remaining waste into urine

22
Q

leptin

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A

produced in adipose tissue, promotes metabolic homeostasis

23
Q

Melanocyte stimulating hormone

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A

stimulates rapid color change by translocation of melanosomes, produced and secreted by the pituitary

24
Q

melatonin

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A

maintains circadian rhythm, produced and secreted by the pineal gland

25
norepinephrine
increases heart rate and blood pumping to the heart, produced/secreted in the adrenal medulla
26
ovaries
One of the female sex organs, they release one egg per month, and also produce/secrete hormones
27
oxytocin
controls aspects of the reproductive system as well as human behavior, called the "love drug", produced by the hypothalamus and secreted from the posterior pituitary.
28
Pancreas
tucked behind the stomach, the pancreas produces enzymes to aid digestion, and hormones that regulate how the body produces sugar.
29
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
helps the body maintain stable levels of calcium in the blood
30
Pheromones
substances are released from one individual and then received by the next, but only of the same species
31
pineal gland
produces and regulates some hormones, including melatonin
32
Anterior pituitary
central regulator of the endocrine system, produces ACTH, FSH, LH, GH, prolactin, TSH, oxytocin and ADH
33
Posterior pituitary
serves as storage for some hormones, and secretes Oxytocin and ADH
34
Progesterone
produced and secreted by the ovaries, is involved in regulating periods and pregnancy
35
prolactin
primarily functions to stimulate breast milk production, produced in the anterior pituitary
36
renin-angiotensin system
elevates blood volume and arterial tone in a prolonged manner
37
T3 (Triiodothyronine)
maintain muscle control, brain function and development, heart and digestive functions, produced in the thyroid
38
T4 (Thyroxine)
produced by the thyroid gland, T4 is responsible for your metabolism, mood, and body temperature, converts into T3.
39
Testes
responsible for making testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, and for producing sperm
40
testosterone
regulate sex drive (libido), bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm, produced and secreted by the testes
41
thymus
The thymus produces all our T cells before we become teenagers, and produces thymosin
42
thyroid
releases and controls thyroid hormones that control metabolism
43
TSH
stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine, and then triiodothyronine
44
attributes of GH
It stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone, secreted by the anterior pituitary
45
permissive
the presence of one hormone enables another hormone to act
46
Synergistic
two hormones with similar effects produce an amplified response
47
Antagonistic
two hormones have opposing effects
48
pros of cortisol
help control blood sugar levels, regulate metabolism, help reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation
49
cons of cortisol
blood sugar imbalance, decreased bone density, increased fat in the abdomen

BIO 192 (4 decks)

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