Endocrine Tissues and Organs Flashcards
Thyroid gland
Thyroid hormone: stimulates and maintains metabolic processes
Calcitonin: Lower blood calcium level
Parathyroid glands
PTH: Raised blood calcium level
Adrenal medullla
Epinephrine & norepinephrine: Raise blood glucose level; increase metabolic activity; constrict or dilate blood vessels
Adrenal cortex
Glucocorticoids: Raise blood glucose level
Mineralocorticoids: Promote reabsorption of Na+ and excretion of K+ in kidneys
Ovaries (female)
Estrogens: Stimulate uterine lining growth; promote development and maintence of female secondary characteristics
Progesterone: Promote uterine lining growth
Testes (males)
Androgens: Support sperm formation; promote development and maintenance of male secondary sex characteristics
Pineal gland
Melatonin: Participates in regulation of biological rhythms
Hypothalamus
Regulate posterior & anterior pituitary
Pancraes
Insulin: Lowers blood glucose level
Glucagon: Raises blood glucose level
Pituitary gland: Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin: stimulates contraction of uterus and mammary gland cells
Vasopressin/antidiuretic h(ADH): Promotes retention of water by kidneys; influence social behavior and bonding.
Endocrine signaling
Secreter molecule diffuse into the blood-stream and trigger responses in cell anywhere in the body
Paracrine signaling
Secreter molecule diffuse locally and trigger a response in neighboiring cells
Autocrine signaling
Secreter molecule diffuse locally and trigger a response in the cells that secrete them.
Synaptis signaling
neurotransmitters diffuse across synapses and trigger responses in cells of target tisssue
Neuroendocrine signaling
neurohormones diffuse into the blood-stream and trigger responses in target cell anywhere in the body
