Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Final Day 1 > Endocrinology > Flashcards

Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine

A

Hormone secreted into blood binds distant target cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Paracrine

A

Hormone acts locally by diffusing from its source to target cells in the neighborhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Autocrine

A

Hormone acts on same cell that produced it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Steroids

A

Originate from cholesterol precursor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Lies below third ventricle at base of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Endocrine gland connected to hypothalamus by infundibulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anterior pituitary

A

Releasing hormones
Inhibiting hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Posterior pituitary

A

Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone ( ADH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nonpeptide hormone

A

Dopamine most important inhibitor of prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Corticotropin releasing hormone

A

Acts on corticotrophs in the anterior pituitary to stimulate production of ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

GnRH

A

Acts on gonadotropes in the anterior pituitary to stimulate production of FSH and LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

GHRH
GHIH

A

GHRH- acts on somatotrophs in the anterior pituitary stimulates production of GH
GHIH- also called somatostatin in the anterior pituitary and inhibits production of GH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TRH

A

Acts on thyrotrophs of the anterior pituitary to stimulate TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

PRH

A

Acts on lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary
Stimulates prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dopamine

A

Acts on lactotrophs to INHIBIT production of prolactin by the anterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Oxytocin

A

Uterine contraction and milk let down
Inhibited by progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does ADH do

A

Decreases urine output
Increases water resorption
Decreases sweating
Increases blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

V1 receptors

A

Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

V2 receptors

A

Renal collecting duct epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

V3 receptors

A

Mediating ACTH secretion from the anterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Diabetes Insipidus

A

Lack of ADH production or response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Characteristics of diabetes inipidus

A

Dilute urine
Problem in hypothalamus
Rise in urine osmolality following administration of ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which of the following are synthesized in the hypothalamus
A. Corticotropin releasing hormone
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Gonadotropin releasing hormone
D. Dopamine
E. A, C, and D

A

E.

24
Q

Which of the following hormones is NOT released by the posterior pituitary?
A. Oxytocin
B. Anti-diuretic
C. Vasopressin
D. Dopamine

A

D.

25
Q

ADH is involved in
A. Parturition
B. Milk-let down
C. Social attachment
D. All of the above
E. None of the above

A

E.

26
Q

The posterior pituitary is composed of neural tissue
True or false

A

True

27
Q

Which of the following is NOT a peptide hormone
A. Somatostatin
B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
C. Dopamine
D. Growth hormone releasing hormone
E. All of the above

A

C.

28
Q

Diabetes insipidus is caused by
A. Too little ADH
B. To much ADH
C. Too little oxytocin
D. To much oxytocin

A

A.

29
Q

Syndrome of inappropriate diuresis is characterized by
A. Elevated or normal ADH is presence of low plasma osmolality
B. Water retention
C. Cellular over hydration
D. All of the above

A

D.

30
Q

Five distinct cell types ( master gland)

A

Lactotrophs PRL
Gonadotrophs FSH LH
Thyrotrophs TSH
Corticotrophs ACTH
Somatotrophs GH

31
Q

Antidiuretic hormone ADH

A

Kidney tubules
Posterior pituitary

32
Q

Oxytocin

A

Muscles of uterus
Posterior pituitary

33
Q

Gonadotropic hormones FSH and LH

A

Testis and ovary
Anterior pituitary

34
Q

Growth hormone (GH)

A

Bone
Anterior pituitary

35
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

A

Adrenal cortex
Anterior pituitary

36
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Thyroid gland
Anterior pituitary

37
Q

GnRH stimulates

A

LH and FSH

38
Q

Prolactin releasing factors ( TRH and PRH) stimulates

A

PRL ( lactotrophs )

39
Q

Prolactin PRL

A

Mammary glands
anterior pituitary

40
Q
A
41
Q

Which of the following is not secreted by anterior pituitary
A. FSH and LH
B. Prolactin
C. TSH
D. GnRH

A

D. GnRH
Comes from hypothalamus

42
Q

Which of the following statements about prolactin is wrong
A. It is a peptide hormone
B. It is involved in milk-ejection reflex
C. It is inhibited by dopamine
D. It’s secretion is enhanced during pregnancy

A

B. It is involved in milk ejection reflex
Dopamine is responsible for this

43
Q

Where is GH made

A

Anterior pituitary

44
Q

What GH regulated by

A

GHRH and GHIH

45
Q

Growth hormone does which of the following
A. Increase amino acid uptake
B. Decrease glucose uptake
C. Decreases fat synthesis
D. All of the above

A

D.

46
Q

Growth hormone is not affected by age or time of day

A

False

47
Q

Excess growth hormone causes
A. Acromegaly
B. Dermatosis
C. Dermatitis
D. All the above
E. None of the above

A

A.

48
Q

IGF 1 has a similar structure to insulin T or F

A

True

49
Q

IGF 1 has a similar function to insulin T or F

A

False

50
Q

BST does

A

Increase milk production
Increases IGF1 levels in milk

51
Q

3 things that inhibit prolactin

A

Dopamine
Progesterone
High prolactin levels

52
Q

True or false
Cats have a higher incidence of hyperthyroidism than dogs

A

True

53
Q

Hyperthyroidism is characterized by
A. Weight gain
B. Weight loss
C. Slow activity
D. None of the above

A

B.

54
Q

T3

A

Acts more rapidly
3-5x more potent that T4
More biologically active hormone

55
Q

What would cause ADH to be released

A

Dehydration
Low blood volume

56
Q

Which of the following statements about peptide protein hormones is not true
A. They utilize second messenger systems
B. Their receptors are located on the cell membrane
C. They have a faster onset of action than both steroid and thyroid hormones
D. They produce direct changes in gene expression

A

D.

57
Q

Which of the following statements is not true for hormone signaling
A. Negative feedback is important to maintain homeostasis
B. cAMP is a 2nd messenger in GPCR signaling
C. GPCR is a tyrosine kinase
D. Hormone agonist/antagonist can be used to interfere with hormone signals and provide clinical benefit

A

C.

Final Day 1 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions