Endogenic Process & Metamorphism

Question 1

It is the inclusion of the rock layers forming the earth’s crust

Answer 1

Intrusion

Question 2

Molten material in the form of lava that undergoes the process of crystallization on the natural terrestrial surface gives birth to rock formations known as __________

Answer 2

Volcanites

Question 3

Interacts with the surrounding rock as the it moves toward the surface.

Answer 3

magma

Question 4

High Temperature; High Pressure

Answer 4

Shock Metamorphism

Question 5

As it moves upwards and cools down, magma becomes more viscous due to formation of _________ ____________ _____________.

Answer 5

silica tetrahedra chains

Question 6

Partial melting happens due to the ___________ ______________ _________ of the minerals mixed into the mantle rocks.

Answer 6

different melting points

Question 7

increases with depth as a result of the increased weight of overlying rock.

Answer 7

Pressure

Question 8

Metamorphic Grade- low grade

Answer 8

Slate

Question 9

refers to all sorts of igneous geologic activities taking place below Earth’s surface

Answer 9

Plutonism

Question 10

Most Magmas near the core are entirely liquid because there is ___ _____ _____________for the atoms to bond together.

Answer 10

too much energy

Question 11

Higher pressure led to higher

Answer 11

Melting points

Question 12

Takes place tens of kilometers below the surface where temperatures and pressures are high enough to transform rock without melting it.

Answer 12

Metamorphism

Question 13

Metamorphic reactions starts at __________ km from the surface

Answer 13

8-15 km

Question 14

All sorts of geological activities correlated with the flow and transportation of igneous material from the planet’s interior towards the natural terrestrial surface.

Answer 14

Volcanism

Question 15

Geological process that was formed, originated, and located below the surface of the earth

Answer 15

Endogenic Process

Question 16

Diagenesis + Lithification + Cementation. Low temperature; Low Pressure

Answer 16

Burial Metamorphism

Question 17

When the process of crystallization takes place inside the crust, the magmatic rocks produced are called ________

Answer 17

Plutonites

Question 18

Results in intense alteration of the mineralogy and texture of rocks, usually to the point where original sedimentary structures are destroyed.

Answer 18

Regional Metamorphism

Question 19

Type of pressure that is same in all directions and makes the rocks to fracture or deform.

Answer 19

Vertical Stress/ Confining Pressure

Question 20

Metamorphic Grade- Moderate Grade

Answer 20

Schist

Question 21

Usually occurs where high temperatures are restricted to a small area, generally around the margins of an igneous intrusion. Places where Geothermal gradients are high.

Answer 21

Contact Metamorphism

Question 22

General term for describing the relative temperature and pressure conditions under which metamorphic rocks form.

Answer 22

Metamorphic Grade

Question 23

This happens because the rock is being moved toward the surface, either at a mantle plume

Answer 23

Decompression Melting

Question 24

Formed under certain circumstances in special location deep in the crust or in the upper mantle.

Answer 24

Magma

Question 25

Dominant at convergent boundaries where plates move towards each other and collide thus exerting force and cause rocks to deform.

Answer 25

Directed/Differential Pressure

Question 26

The stress or pressure exerted on the rock by the weight of overlying material.

Answer 26

Vertical stress/ Confining Pressure

Question 27

Causes the formation of volcanoes when the gas pressure is strong enough and there are cracks in the earth's crust.

Answer 27

Magma Extrusion

Question 28

Process of mineral assemblage that results from the physical-chemical changes of solid rocks caused by factors such as crust movement, magma activity, or thermal fluid change in the earth.

Answer 28

Metamorphism

Question 29

Metamorphic Grade- Original Rock

Answer 29

Protolith (Shale)

Question 30

It is an eruption of magmatic materials that causes land formation on the surface of the Earth.

Answer 30

Extrusion

Question 31

2 Most abundant elements in Magma Composition

Answer 31

Oxygen and Silicon

Question 32

more silica content = ???

Answer 32

more viscous magma

Question 33

Metamorphic Grade- High Grade

Answer 33

Gneiss

Question 34

Occurs in mid ridges. High Temperature; Low Pressure

Answer 34

Hydrothermal Metamorphism

Question 35

Factors Involved in Metamorphism

Answer 35

Temperature & Pressure

Question 36

It happens if a rock is close to its melting point and some water or carbon dioxide is added to the rock, the melting temperature is reduced and partial melting starts.

Answer 36

Flux Melting

Question 37

Magma forms from _________ _____________ of mantle rocks.

Answer 37

Partial melting

Question 38

Takes place under high temperature and pressure conditions that may extend over large areas

Answer 38

Regional Metamorphism

Question 39

Happens when magma that moves up into a volcano without erupting.

Answer 39

Intrusion

Question 40

Involve geologic activities such as tectonic movements, metamorphism, seismic activities, and magmatism.

Answer 40

Endogenic Process

Question 41

Also called as Cataclastic Metamorphism, resulting from the crushing and shearing of rock during tectonic movement, mostly along faults.

Answer 41

High Pressure Metamorphism

Question 42

Plays a crucial role in metamorphism. Heat affect rock chemical composition, mineralogy, and texture.

Answer 42

Temperature

Question 43

imposed by a force in a particular direction.

Answer 43

Directed/Differential Pressure