Endomembrane System Flashcards
(28 cards)
all of the membranes that interact with each other inside of a cell
endomembrane system
membrane bound structure used as storage and structure in plant cells
vacuole
Low pH, membrane bound structure in animals where materials are recycled or torn apart
lysosome
It’s involved in protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and calcium ion storage
Endoplasmic reticulum
T or F: Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes.
T
It’s a stack of membrane-bound vesicles involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of molecules synthesized in the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
Membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes used to break down waste materials and cellular debris.
Lysosome
What is the pH range inside lysosomes?
4.5-5 which is acidic
Small membrane-bound sacs that transport materials within the cell.
Vesicle
materials transported by vesicles.
Proteins, lipids, and other cellular molecules.
A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, containing pores that regulate the passage of materials into and out of the nucleus.
Nuclear envelope
What is the role of the endomembrane system in protein synthesis?
It synthesizes, modifies, and transports proteins within the cell.
The process by which cells make proteins using instructions encoded in their DNA.
Endomembrane System
It states that proteins destined for secretion have specific signal sequences that directs them to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Signal Hypothesis in Protein synthesis
Short amino acid sequences that direct proteins to their correct cellular location.
signal sequences in protein synthesis
The addition of sugar molecules to proteins or lipids, which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
Glycosylation
What is the role of glycosylation in protein modification?
It helps proteins fold properly, stabilize their structure, and target them to specific cellular locations.
How do proteins move through the endomembrane system?
They are transported in vesicles that bud off from one organelle and fuse with another.
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in protein modification?
It adds carbohydrates to proteins, modifies their structure, and sorts them for delivery to their final destination.
The process of vesicles moving between organelles within the endomembrane system.
Vesicular trafficking
The process by which vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.
Exocytosis
The process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in vesicles formed from the plasma membrane.
Endocytosis
It’s the engulfment of large particles or cells by pseudopodia, forming a phagosome.
Phagocytosis
It’s the non-specific uptake of fluids and solutes by small vesicles formed from the plasma membrane.
Pinocytosis
