Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Apparatus

Question 1

What does the rough ER consist of

Answer 1

Sheets of membranes forming flattened sacs called cisternae- cisternae contain a range of different enzymes.

Question 2

What are the membranes of the cisternae covered with

Answer 2

Ribosomes- where translation takes place for proteins secreted from the cell, as well as proteins for cell membrane and lysosomes.

Question 3

What does the Golgi apparatus consist of

Answer 3

Flattened sacs called cisternae.

Question 4

Which cells have more rough ER

Answer 4

Cells that secrete large amounts of protein will have a lot of rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 5

What is smooth ER

Answer 5

Doesn’t have ribosomes- it’s job is to make and store both lipids and carbohydrates.

Question 6

Describe the stages of protein production - cis face, trans face, exocytosis.

Answer 6

-Proteins are synthesised on the ribosomes bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.
-They then pass into its cisternae and are packaged into transport vesicles.
-Vesicles containing the newly synthesised proteins move towards the Golgi apparatus via the transport function of the cytoskeleton.
-The vesicles fuse with the cis face of the Golgi apparatus and the proteins enter. The proteins are structurally modified before leaving the the Golgi apparatus in vesicles from its trans face.
- Secretory vesicles carry proteins that are to be released from the cell. The vesicles move towards and fuse with the cell-surface membrane, releasing their contents by exocytosis. Some vesicles form lysosomes-these contain enzymes for use in the cell.