Energy Flashcards
(27 cards)
Electricity
Flow of electrical power charged from particles.
Electrical Energy
Energy delivered by electrons, usually moving through a wire.
Power Source
Anything that stores and transforms energy.
Law of Conservation of Energy
States that it neither can be created, destroyed, only converted from one form of energy to another.
-when energy appears to be lost or used, it has actually just changed its form.
Atom
Smallest part of everything and everything is made up of atoms.
Joule
Unit or measurement for heat.
Static Electricity
Build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object.
Conductor
Material that is used to connect the power source to the load.
Insulator
Material that completely stops an electrical flow
ex. rubber, plastic, ceramics, and glass.
Resistor
Material that makes it difficult for electricity to flow through
ex. steel and carbon
Circuit
the loop in which an electrical current flows.
Power Source
Where the energy of the circuit comes from
ex. battery
Series Circuit
A circuit that has more than one load but only one path for the electrons to flow through. If there’s a break in the path, the circuit won’t work.
Parallel Circuit
A circuit that has more than one load and multiple paths. If one light burns out, the others are still able to work.
Load
Thing in a circuit which uses the electricity.
ex. light bulb, toaster, and blender
Conductor
Material used to connect the power source to the load and back to the source again.
Volatge
Voltage describes the pressure that pushes electricity. So voltage generates the flow of electrons through a circuit.
Current
Is the rate of electron flow or current in an electrical conductor.
-measured in amps “A”
Resistance
Measured in Ohms and determines how much current can flow.
The length of a cable increases the resistance. Wider cables have more space and fewer electron collisions.
Ohm’s Law
States that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
-ohms are a measure of resistance in an electrical current.
*used to demonstrate the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance.
Resistance = voltage divided by amps (I)
Amps = voltage divided by resistance
Voltage = amps x resistance
What do series and parallel circuits have in common?
Both allow electrons to flow and make something happen.
Both need things like loads, conductors, power sources, currents, etc.
Fuse
Safety device that can “blow” (melt) if the current flowing through it becomes too much.
Parts of a circuit
(Basic)
Power source
Load
Conductor
Electrical current
Refers to the movement of electrons through a circuit
