Energy

Question 1

What 7 things must a living organism have?

Answer 1

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity

Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition

Question 2

What is a catabolic reaction?

Answer 2

Breakdown of molecules

Question 3

What is an anabolic reaction?

Answer 3

Build up of polymers

Question 4

What is the conservation of energy?

Answer 4

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 5

What is the equation for respiration?

Answer 5

Glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water

Question 6

Name 2 properties of respiration

Answer 6

Heterotrophic
Exothermic

Question 7

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 7

Water + oxygen > glucose + carbon dioxide

Question 8

Name some properties of photosynthesis

Answer 8

Autotrophic
Endothermic

Question 9

What does autotrophic mean?

Answer 9

Makes own food

Question 10

What does heterotrophic mean?

Answer 10

Energy made by eating other organisms

Question 11

Is photosynthesis endo or exothermic?

Answer 11

Endothermic

Question 12

How does ATP work in plants?

Answer 12

Photosynthesis turns lights energy into ATP to create glucose

Question 13

How does ATP work in animals?

Answer 13

Respiration breaks down glucose to produce ATP to be usedbin metabolic reactions

Question 14

What are excited electrons?

Answer 14

Electrons woth a higher energy level

Question 15

How do excited electrons work in plants?

Answer 15

Whem chlorophyll absorb light energy

Question 16

How do excited electrons work in animals?

Answer 16

Help break down glucose

Question 17

Where do excited electrons move to?

Answer 17

Electron transport chain

Question 18

What are electron transport chains?

Answer 18

Membrane carriers

Question 19

How is a high proton concentration balanced?

Answer 19

Reaction of ADP and Pi to form ATP with the help of the enzyme ATP synthase allowing protons to live down the channel proteins

Question 20

Outline the features of thylakoids

Answer 20

Flattened sacs of membranes stacked to make grana connected by membrane channels called lamellae

Question 21

What is stroma?

Answer 21

Fluid found in chloroplasts

Question 22

What are the 5 photosynthetic pigments?

Answer 22

Chlorophyll
Xanthopyll
Carotene
Anthocyanin
Tannis

Question 23

What is the primary pigment and what wavelengths does it absorb and reflects?

Answer 23

Chlorophyll A
Absorbs blue and reflects green

Question 24

Where does photosynthesis actually occur?

Answer 24

Reaction centre

Question 25

Define a photosystem

Answer 25

Energy is transferred to the reaction centre

Question 26

What is the equation for Rf value?

Answer 26

Distance travelled by component ÷ distance travelled by solvent

Question 27

What are the differences between photosystem 1 and 2?

Answer 27

1 absorbs light at 700nm 2 absorbs light at 680nm and has enzymes which break down water

Question 28

What happens during the light dependant stage of photosynthesis?

Answer 28

Sunlight forms ATP and hydrogen from water break down enzyme NaDP

Question 29

What happens during the light independent stage of photosynthesis?

Answer 29

Hydrogen and CO2 build organix molecules and ATP is used as energy

Question 30

How many times does the Calvin cycle need to occur to make 1 molecule of glucose?

Answer 30

6

Question 31

What is cyclic phosphorylation?

Answer 31

Phosphate group added using light

Question 32

Outline the Calvin cycle

Answer 32

CO2, RUBP, RUBisCO enzyme forms an unstable intermediate. This forms GP which reacts with ATP and reduced NADP to form TP. TP then creates glucose, amino acids, lipids

Question 33

Name 3 factors effecting photosynthesis

Answer 33

Light intensity Temperature Concentration of CO2

Question 34

How do limiting factors impact the Calvin cycle?

Answer 34

GP can't be produced so amounts of TP fall and RUBP can't be regenerated