Energy and Ecosystems

Question 1

What is the coldest, driest ecosystem on Earth?

Answer 1

Tundra

Question 2

In the tundra, there are what kind of summers and what kind of plant life

Answer 2

short summers, little plant life

Question 3

In the tundra, what do animals often do?

Answer 3

Migrate or hibernate during the long, cold winters

Question 4

If there are short summers in the tundra, what does that mean about the winter?

Answer 4

There are long, cold winters

Question 5

Describe a basic food chain in the tundra

Answer 5

1. Reindeer moss uses energy from sun to make and store sugar (producers)
2. Caribou are herbivores and eat the reindeer moss and other producers (first-level consumers)
3. Wolves are predators and eat caribou (second-level consumers)

Question 6

Path that shows the transfer of food energy from one organism to the next called

Answer 6

Food chain

Question 7

How do producers capture energy?

Answer 7

From the sun

Question 8

When producers capture energy from the sun, it is called what

Answer 8

photosynthesis

Question 9

What happens in photosynthesis?

Answer 9

light energy is converted into chemical energy in sugars used for food

Question 10

Herbivores eat who?

Answer 10

Producers

Question 11

Herbivores are considered what kind of consumers…

Answer 11

First-level consumers

Question 12

After herbivores, what comes next in the food chain

Answer 12

carnivores and omnivores

Question 13

carnivores and omnivores are what kind of consumers

Answer 13

second-level consumers

Question 14

Second-level consumers eat who?

Answer 14

herbivores

Question 15

Third-level consumers eat what level consumers

Answer 15

second-level consumers

Question 16

A scavenger that eats organisms that have died, may be what?

Answer 16

second or third-level consumer

Question 17

what is the final link in any food chain?

Answer 17

Decomposer

Question 18

What does a decomposer do?

Answer 18

get energy as they break down the remains of dead plants and animals and return nutrients to the soil

Question 19

Example of a scavenger

Answer 19

Arctic gull that feeds on dead bodies of caribou, wolves

Question 20

Example of decomposer

Answer 20

fungi and bacteria that decompose final remains

Question 21

What does a food web show?

Answer 21

How food chains overlap (what eats what)

Question 22

In a food web, the arrows point in which direction?

Answer 22

where energy moves (what’s being eaten)

Question 23

All the organisms in a food web are interdependent? True or false

Answer 23

True

Question 24

If you removed a predator like a snake from a food web, what might happen?

Answer 24

There would be more mice, more plants would be eaten, meaning mice might run out of food and begin to die off, affecting the hawks that eat mice

Question 25

What does an energy pyramid show?

Answer 25

How much energy passes from one organism to another up a food chain

Question 26

In an energy pyramid, the organisms in a layer of the pyramid feed on those in which layer

Answer 26

a lower layer

Question 27

In an energy pyramid, which layer has the most organism

Answer 27

the producers in the bottom layer

Question 28

Environmental changes can affect energy flow in an energy pyramid. If too many people are fishing salmon, what might happen to seals that eat salmon?

Answer 28

May go hungry

Question 29

What is the first organism in a food chain?

Answer 29

Producer

Question 30

Herbivores are the ________-level consumers

Answer 30

first

Question 31

_________ and _______ are the second-level consumers

Answer 31

carnivores and omnivores

Question 32

____________ are the final organisms in all food chains. They recycle materials by breaking down plant and animal remains and return materials to the environment.

Answer 32

decomposers

Question 33

A food web shows how food chains do what?

Answer 33

overlap

Question 34

Arrows in a food web show the direction of....

Answer 34

energy transfer

Question 35

Most of the energy in an ecosystem is present in the....

Answer 35

producers

Question 36

At each level of an energy pyramid, organism use ___percent of the available energy for life processes.

Answer 36

90

Question 37

Only ___percent of the energy is passed from one level to the next level above in an energy pyramid

Answer 37

10

Question 38

Put this food chain in order.... hawk - bacteria - corn - mouse

Answer 38

corn - mouse - hawk - bacteria

Question 39

Complete the facts: The shrubs use __ percent of their energy and pass on ___ percent to the deer that eat them

Answer 39

90, 10

Question 40

Which organisms get the least amount of energy? -wolves -deer -shrubs

Answer 40

wolves

Question 41

Which organisms must be the most plentiful to support this food chain? -wolves -deer -shrub

Answer 41

shrubs

Question 42

Which organisms might a hawk eat? - tree -bird -fly -shrub -mouse -rabbit -deer -squirrel -grasshopper

Question 43

describe the food chain of cheese that is used for a sandwich. Here's a start... sun - grass - cow - _____-_______

Answer 43

milk, cheese

Question 44

Most plants contain a green, food-producing molecule called...

Answer 44

chlorophyll

Question 45

Plants make their own food through a process called...

Answer 45

photosynthesis

Question 46

Organisms that make their own food are called....

Answer 46

producers

Question 47

Organisms that do not make their own food are called...

Answer 47

consumers

Question 48

Which one would be the correct way to classify a mountain lion? a) omnivore, prey, consumer b) carnviore, predator, consumer c) herbivore, predator, producer d) carnivore, prey, consumer

Answer 48

carnivore, predator, consumer

Question 49

If a pet rabbit is an herbivore, what should you feed it? a) lettuce b) bacteria c) metal scraps d) insects

Answer 49

lettuce

Question 50

Which of these is the final link in every food chain? a) producers b) decomposers c) first-level consumers d) second-level consumers

Answer 50

decomposers

Question 51

What is the initial source of energy in most ecosystems? a) decomposers b) sunlight c) nutrients in soil d) oxygen in air

Answer 51

sunlight

Question 52

Nolan has an hamburger and a salad for lunch. What does this tell you about him? a) he is a producer b) he is a scavenger c) he is a herbivore d) he is an omnivore

Answer 52

he is an omnivore

Question 53

Plants rely on animals to produce carbon dioxide. What do plants produce for animals? a) food and oxygen b) sunshine and rain c) carbon dioxide and food d) herbivores and carnivores

Answer 53

food and oxygen

Question 54

Look at this food chain: pine seed - mouse - snake - hawk what would happen if all the mice died from a disease? a) The snakes would eat pine seeds instead of mice b) The producers would stop making food c) The population of snakes would increase d) The population of snakes would decrease

Answer 54

population of snakes would decrease

Question 55

A snake is preparing to eat a fish swimming near it. What is the best way to describe the relationship here? a) predator and prey b) producer and consumer c) herbivore and omnivore d) scavenger and producer

Answer 55

predator and prey

Question 56

Some animals are known for their food-gathering behaviors. Vultures are an example of the following: a) predator b) producer c) scavenger d) decomposer

Answer 56

scavenger

Question 57

Which is the correct diagram of photosynthesis? a) sunlight + carbon dioxide + water -- sugar + oxygen b) sunlight + oxygen _ water -- sugar + carbon dioxide c) sunlight _+ carbon dioxide + sugar -- water + oxygen d) sunlight + oxygen + sugar --carbon dioxide + water

Answer 57

sunlight + carbon dioxide + water -- sugar + oxygen

Question 58

Wyatt notices some fungi growing on his favorite tree. What is the role of this fungi? a) Fungi are producers. They are making their own food. b) Fungi are scavengers. They are eating the dead parts of the tree. c) Fungi are producers. They are providing the tree with food. d) Fungi are decomposers. They are decomposing a part of the tree.

Answer 58

Fungi are decomposers. They are decomposing a part of the tree.

Question 59

If a level of a food pyramid dies out, how does that affect the other levels?

Answer 59

Will be more of them - no one to eat them