Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

physics papr 2 > energy and electricity stuff > Flashcards

energy and electricity stuff Flashcards

(73 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

order of prefixes

A

tera
giga
mega
kilo
metre
milli
micro
nano

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a closed system

A

a system where energy cannot escape or enter the system
total energy remains constant but energy may be transferred between stores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

different energy stores

A

kinetic
gpe
epe
internal thermal
chemical
nuclear
magnetic
electrostatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

definition and example of kinetic energy

A

energy of a moving object
moving car

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

definition and example of GPE

A

the energy an object has when it is raised above the ground
the book on a shelf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

definition and example of elastic potential

A

energy elastic objects have when stretched or compressed
a spring compressed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

definition and example of internal therma;

A

total kinetic and potential energies of all the particles in an object
a hot cup of tea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

definition and example of chemical

A

energy stored in chemical bonds
a battery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

definition and example of nuclear

A

the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
uranium fuel in a nuclear reactor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

definition and example of magnetic

A

energy a magnetic object has when it is near to a magnetic field
a fridge magnet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

definition and example of electrostatic energy

A

energy a charged object has when it is held near to another charged object
van de graff generator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how energy can be transferred between different stores by heating

A

energy will be transferred from one object to another due to a difference in temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how energy can be transferred between different stores by radiation

A

energy can be transferred as a wave eg infra red radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how energy can be transferred between different stores by electrical work

A

energy is transferred by the flow of charge due to a potential difference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how energy can be transferred between different stores by mechanical work

A

energy transfers due to a force moving an object through a distance or changing its shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is work done

A

a force does work on an object when the force causes the object to move a distance
word done = force x distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

one joule of work =

A

one newton displaced by a metre

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is power

A

the rate at which energy is transferred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

1 watt =

A

1 joule per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

law of conservation of energy

A

energy can be transferred usefully, stored ot dissipated but it cannot be created or destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how can we reduce unwanted energy transfers

A

lubrication
thermal insulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

is force a scalar or vector

A

vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

contact forces are

A

objects physically touching
eg friction, air resistance, tension, normal ocntact force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

non contact forces are

A

object not physically touching - physically seperated
eg magnetic forces
electrostatic forces
gravitational force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what three things does a lever consist of
a pivot an effort a load eg scissors - handle is effort screw is pivot blades are load
26
how can levers act as force multipliers
they allow us to lift heavier loads than the effort force would normally allow
27
longer levers increase the
force exerted on the load
28
what is a moment
the turning effect of a force
29
in the moment calc, the distance is
perpindicular from the pivot to the line of action
30
if an object is in equillibrium balance it is
total anti clockwise moment about a pivot = total clockwise moment about a pivot
31
what is a gear
a wheel with a toothed edge
32
connected gears rotate in what directions
opposite
33
how does lubrication stop unwanted energyu transfer
reduces the friction
34
switch symbol
like a sideways : with a line connecting
35
fuse symbol
rectangle with line through it
36
thermistor symbol
a rectangle with a like straight line below turning into a diagonal line through the rectangle _/
37
ldr symbol
rectangle with circle arouhd it and 2 lines pointin gotwards circle
38
resisiotr symbol
rectangle
39
variable resistor symbol
rectangle wiht diagonal arror thru it
40
diode symbol
play button ina circle
41
LED symbol
diode symbol with 2 arrows pointing away from circle
42
in a series circuit, the current is the
same ineach component
43
in a series circuit, the potential difference is
shared between components
44
in a series circuit, total resistance is
the sum of resistance across each component
45
in a parallel circuit, current
splits between difference loops
46
in a parallel circuit, potential difference is
the same in each component
47
in a prallel circuit, total resistance is
less than the resistance of the smallest resistor in the circuit
48
why does adding resistors in a series circuit increase resistance
the current has more resistors to pass through
49
why does adding resistors in a parallel circuit decrease teh total resistacne
the parallel loop adds an additional path for the current to flow through so more current can flow in total even when th epotential difference remains the same
50
for electrical charge, and therefore a current to flow we need
a closed circuit a source of potential difference
51
current to pd graph in an ohmic conductor
directly proportional resistance remains constant
52
filament lamp relationship current pd
non linear like a stretched out S shape as current increases the filament gets hotter as temp increases, the resistance increases
53
diode relationship current pd
non linear only a _/ shape in the positive current current only flows in one direction resistance in reverse direction is very high
54
LDRs relationship resistance v light intensity
like a bottom left corner of a rounded square you get me resisitance of ldr is affected by light intensity as light intensity goes up, resistacne decreases
55
thermistors are the
same as LDRs
56
what do we need to measure the resistance of a component
an ammeter in series to measure current a voltmeter in parallel to measure pd
57
investigating the current-voltage characteristics of a component
connect battery add ammeter in series voltmter in parallel variable resistor in series record pd and current use variableresisotr to change the pd record new values repeat with different pd values reverse the power supply connections repeat plot a graph
58
why do resistors heat up
electrical current does work against electrical resistance, eletrical energy is dissipated as thermal enrgy to surroundings energy transfrred ic caused by the collisions between electrons and ions in the lattice
59
how can we reduce unwanted energy transfers in circuits
use low resistance wires fewer collision and less energy wasted
60
advantages pf heating effect of electrical current
used in appliances such as toasters and kettles
61
what type of current is mains electreicity
AC current repeatedly changed direction and is produced by an alternating potential difference
62
what type of current od batteries prrovide
DC current only flows in one direction and is produced by a direct potential difference
63
freq of mains electricity
50 hz
64
pd of mains electricity
230 v
65
three core cable names and oclours
live wire - brown earth wire - green and yellow stripes neutral wire - blue
66
role of live wire
carries the alternating potential difference from the mains supply pd of 230v
67
role of earth wire
safety wire which prevents the appliance from becoming live only carries a current if there is a fault 0v
68
role of neutral wire
completes the circuit ov
69
why do plugs have fuses
if the current gets too high a the wire in the fuse melts which breaks the circuit preventing the risk of electrocution
70
what does the cable grip do
holds the wires inplace made of plastic good insulator
71
what are wires made of
copper - good conductor coated in plastic - good insulator
72
why might a live wire be dangerous even when the switch is open
touchin glive wire would complete the circuit as you touch the ground electrocuted
73
danger of connecting live wire and earth wire
circuit would be completed increasing riskof electrocution

physics papr 2 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions